Beschleunigertechnologie und Partikeltherapie in Deutschland im 20. Jahrhundert

20世纪德国的加速器技术和粒子治疗

• 批准号: 180980506
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Carsten Reinhardt
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institute for Interdisciplinary Studies of Science (I²SoS)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2009-12-31 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/180980506?language=en
• 关键词: Beschleunigertechnologie; und; Partikeltherapie; Deutschland; im

The aim of the project is the historical analysis of a research technology of immediate interest in the present, the accelerator technology, and the concomitant therapeutical concept of the treatment of cancer, the particle therapy. The objects of research are the developments leading to the current actuality and the technological realization of particle therapy. They are scrutinized from the perspective of history of science and technology. The project considers state-funded research (Universities, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institute, Max-Planck-Institute, major research institutions) and industrial research, analyzes the structure of its cooperativity and the strategies leading to the implementation of a large-scale technology developed and applied by high-energy physics in a dedicated subdiscipline of medicine, the radiooncology. From a technical point of view, accelerators, like betatrons, cyclotrons and linear accelerators, are the objects of interest. In connection with medical applications developments in neighbouring subjects, like computer-, vacuum- and high frequency technology will be integrated in the study. With regard to radiooncology, we distinguish three periods of development: 1. an early period of technological establishment (1928-1946), 2. a period of implementation of compact therapy systems (1946-1980), and 3. a period of complex therapy facilities (from 1980 to the present day). Starting point of the study is the work of Rolf Wideröe on the first properly functioning double-stage linear accelerator (1928) and his theoretical considerations about circular accelerators. Finally the establishment of the first combined proton and heavy ion therapy facility in Europe in Heidelberg and the failure of similar units in Marburg and Kiel are the objects of interest. In addition, the project aims for an essential contribution to the historical treatment of the research technology concept. For this purpose we draw on the terminology of Terry Shinn. The participating actors developing and disseminating the technology can be analyzed and characterized in part as research technologists in accordance to Shinn, or as members of an interdisciplinary research community, assembled of representatives of industry, academic physics, and medical facilities, later expanded by politicians and representatives of the state. It is important to discern that the formation of a stable transversal field, which, so much for the thesis, is in place to the present day, can be traced back to the era of the first medical applications of X-rays. This transversal field with its structures and its inherent dynamics of development is a core element of the analysis performed within the project.

该项目的目的是对一种当前直接感兴趣的研究技术--加速器技术--的历史分析，以及伴随而来的癌症治疗的治疗概念--粒子疗法。研究对象是导致目前粒子疗法现状的发展和技术实现。它们是从科技史的角度来审视的。该项目考虑了国家资助的研究(大学、凯撒-威廉研究所、马克斯·普朗克研究所、主要研究机构)和工业研究，分析了其协作性的结构以及导致在医学的专门分支--放射肿瘤学--中实施由高能物理开发和应用的大规模技术的战略。从技术角度来看，加速器，如倍他管、回旋加速器和直线加速器，都是令人感兴趣的对象。在医疗应用方面，邻近学科的发展，如计算机、真空和高频技术，将被纳入研究中。关于放射肿瘤学的发展，我们分为三个阶段：1.技术建立的早期阶段(1928-1946年)，2.紧凑型治疗系统的实施阶段(1946-1980年)，以及3.综合治疗设施阶段(1980年至今)。研究的起点是罗尔夫·维德关于第一台正常运行的双级直线加速器的工作(1928年)，以及他对圆形加速器的理论思考。最后，在海德堡建立欧洲第一个质子和重离子联合治疗设施以及在马尔堡和基尔的类似装置的失败都是令人感兴趣的目标。此外，该项目旨在对研究技术概念的历史处理作出重要贡献。为此，我们借鉴了Terry Shinn的术语。根据希恩的说法，开发和传播技术的参与者可以被分析并部分描述为研究技术员，或者是由工业、学术物理和医疗机构的代表聚集在一起的跨学科研究社区的成员，后来被政治家和国家代表扩大。重要的是要认识到，稳定横场的形成可以追溯到X射线第一次医学应用的时代，这一点在本论文中已经存在到今天。这一横向领域及其结构和发展的内在动力是项目内进行的分析的核心要素。

项目成果

Die Neutronentherapie: Ein Experimentalsystem der Radioonkologie

中子治疗：放射肿瘤学的实验系统

• DOI: 10.1002/bewi.201701871
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Berichte zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte
• 影响因子: 0.6
• 作者: Thorsten Kohl