RI: Paraphrasing using Lexico-Semantic Resources

这个为期一年的试点概念验证项目使用公开可用的FrameNet语料库中编码的语义和句法以及公共可用的WordNet语料库中的词汇语义信息来生成带有语义标签的输入句子的释义。首先使用现有的框架语义解析器(如Shalmaneser)处理任意文本，然后将其传递给释义算法。该算法生成了大量与输入具有广泛的句法和语义距离的释义。例如，在给定的输入“我喜欢吃奶酪”的情况下，系统输出句法上相距较远的‘’我喜欢吃奶酪‘’、在语义上相距较远的‘’我害怕啜饮果汁‘’以及数千个其他句子。生成的大量释义使该算法非常适合于一系列统计机器学习问题，如语言建模和机器翻译，以及其他依赖语义的任务，如查询和语言生成。系统针对人类对释义质量的判断进行了测试，并通过测量在语言建模任务中使用释义的有效性进行了测试。释义是从核威胁倡议语料库产生的，该语料库已经手工标记了地面事实框架语义注释。这允许分析：a.释义与人工判断的质量，b.相对于其他释义方法的相对准确性和数量，以及c.使用自动框架解析与黄金标准注释的相对准确性和数量。

This one-year pilot proof-of-concenpt project generates paraphrases of semantically labeled input sentences using the semantics and syntax encoded in the publicly available FrameNet corpus and the lexical semantic information from the publicly available WordNet corpus.Arbitrary text is first processed using an existing frame-semantic parser (such as Shalmaneser), and then passed to the paraphrasing algorithm. The algorithm generates a large number of paraphrases with a wide range of syntactic and semantic distances from the input.For example, given the input ``I like eating cheese'', the system outputs the syntactically distant ``Eating cheese is liked by me'', the semantically distant ``I fear sipping juice'', and thousands of other sentences. The large variety of generated paraphrases makes the algorithm ideal for a range of statistical machine learning problems such as language modeling and machine translation, as well as other semantics-dependent tasks such as query and language generation.The system is tested both against human judgments of paraphrase quality and by measuring the efficacy of using paraphrases in a language modeling task. Paraphrases are generated from the Nuclear Threat Initiative corpus, which has been hand-marked with ground-truth frame-semantic annotations. This allows an analysis of: A. the quality of the paraphrases vs. human judgments, B. the relative accuracy and quantity vs. other paraphrasing methods, and C. the relative accuracy and quantity of using automatic frame parsing vs. gold-standard annotations.