Simulation and Theory of Electron Holes and Double Layers Observed in the Magnetosphere, Ionosphere, and Solar Wind

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This project will address the issue of electron phase space holes (EH) in space plasmas. The project has three specific goals: (1) extend the work previously done on the creation of EH by auroral double layers to other regions of space where the magnetic field is relatively weak, (2) examine mechanisms that would produce weak EH when double layers are not present, and (3) determine the electron distribution functions for the untrapped electron population associated with weak electron holes. The project will develop a Vlasov simulation code for 2-D in space and 3-D in velocity. A simplified 1-D Vlasov simulation tool with an easy to use graphical interface will also be produced as an educational tool for students learning about plasma physics and the Vlasov equation.