Molecular Systematics of the Mangabeys (Cercocebus and Lophocebus)

白眉猴（Cercocebus 和 Lophocebus）的分子系统学

• 批准号: 0715281
• 负责人: Todd Disotell
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: New York University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-08-01 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0715281&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Molecular; Systematics; Mangabeys; Cercocebus; Lophocebus

African papionin monkeys (baboons, macaques, and mangabeys) are morphologically diverse and live in a wide variety of habitats. They provide an excellent model for studying the processes and patterns of primate and human evolution. To understand how different features have evolved and if they have evolved more than once, an accurate phylogeny needs to be inferred. To best infer such a phylogeny, multiple independent molecular sequences or markers need to be analyzed. To this end, a large comparative multilocus dataset of several thousand to over ten thousand base pairs of mitochondrial and nuclear (X chromosomal, Y chromosomal, autosomal) DNA will be sequenced in a variety of African papionins. Additionally, 40 Alu insertions will be genotyped. These markers have proven extremely powerful in evolutionary analyses as their shared presence in a genomic location is a strong indicator of relationship. This study will concentrate on the mangabeys (genera Cercocebus and Lophocebus) including the two most recently discovered species C. sanjei and "Lophocebus" kipunji. Preliminary analyses suggest that there is a complex evolutionary history within the Cercocebus/Mandrillus clade with the long faced large bodied mandrills and drills perhaps being more closely related to some of the smaller bodied short faced species of Cercocebus than these species are to other members of their own genus. Similarly, the relationships amongst gelada and other baboons to the species of Lophocebus may be equally complex. The goal of this project is to generate a robust phylogeny of the African papionins in order to allow better inferences of how similar morphological features such as body size and shape of the skull have evolved independently multiple times as well as their overall evolutionary history and development.Broader impacts of this study will include the training of several graduate, undergraduate, and even high school students in the latest molecular laboratory techniques and the increasingly important analytical methods used to understand molecular data. These Old World primates are also critical in understanding the evolution of SIV/HIV and other pathogens. Having a robust phylogeny will allow researchers to infer patterns of host-switching and co-evolution with such pathogens. Almost all of these African primates are critically endangered and the data collected in this study will allow for the better delineation of groups in dire need of conservation.

非洲木瓜素猴（狒狒、猕猴和白眉猴）形态多样，生活在各种各样的栖息地。它们为研究灵长类动物和人类进化的过程和模式提供了一个极好的模型。为了理解不同的特征是如何进化的，以及它们是否进化了不止一次，需要推断出一个准确的系统发育。为了最好地推断这种系统发育，需要分析多个独立的分子序列或标记。为此，将在各种非洲木瓜肽中对数千到超过10,000个线粒体和核（X染色体，Y染色体，常染色体）DNA碱基对的大型比较多位点数据集进行测序。此外，40个Alu插入将被基因分型。这些标记在进化分析中被证明是非常强大的，因为它们在基因组位置上的共同存在是关系的有力指标。这项研究将集中在白眉猴（Cercocebus属和Lophocebus属），包括最近发现的两个物种C. sanjei和“Lophocebus”kipunji。初步分析表明，长脸大身体的山魈和钻孔与一些体型较小的短脸的山魈的关系可能比这些物种与它们自己属的其他成员的关系更密切，因此在长脸大身体的山魈/Mandrillus分支中存在一个复杂的进化历史。同样，狒狒和其他狒狒与Lophocebus物种之间的关系也可能同样复杂。这个项目的目标是生成一个强大的非洲番木瓜素的系统发育，以便更好地推断类似的形态特征，如身体大小和头骨形状是如何独立进化多次的，以及它们的整体进化历史和发展。这项研究的广泛影响将包括培训一些研究生，本科生，甚至高中生最新的分子实验室技术和用于理解分子数据的日益重要的分析方法。这些东半球灵长类动物对于理解SIV/HIV和其他病原体的进化也至关重要。拥有一个强大的系统发育将使研究人员能够推断宿主切换和与这些病原体共同进化的模式。几乎所有这些非洲灵长类动物都是极度濒危的，在这项研究中收集的数据将允许更好地描绘急需保护的群体。