Doctoral Dissertation Improvement: Molecular phylogeny and phylogeography of nocturnal primates (Galagoides spp) in Eastern Africa

该项目将整合遗传、形态和生物声学数据，有助于更好地了解东非矮加拉戈斯的隐生多样性。本研究将努力1)描述目前已发现的矮galago物种内部和之间的遗传关系，2)测试声音交流在维持隐物种之间生殖隔离中的重要性。该项目将对迄今为止进行的galagid进化关系进行最全面的分子评估，并将有助于阐明神秘灵长类动物多样化和物种形成的可能原因。从保护的角度来看，这将有助于了解东非夜间加拉吉鱼的多样性，这对于制定有效的保护和管理计划至关重要。这项研究还促进了许多层面的国际合作。理解和描述生物多样性是生物学家的主要目标之一。然而，当物种形成并不总是伴随着明显的形态变化时，这项任务尤其具有挑战性。对这些神秘物种的欣赏不仅对更好地理解生物多样性很重要，而且还可能影响我们探索物种形成模型和模式的能力。夜行侏儒加拉戈斯（Galagoides）是所有灵长类动物中形态学最神秘的物种之一，它们的进化史是灵长类动物学中最长期存在的问题之一。由于缺乏形态学上的分化，加拉戈鱼的种类大多是基于它们的广告叫声来描述的。在加拉吉鱼中，声音交流起着至关重要的作用，声音信号用于与同一物种的其他成员保持联系并吸引配偶。因此，物种的凝聚力很可能是由非视觉识别系统维持的，而广告叫声被认为在生殖隔离中起着关键作用。然而，由于缺乏基因数据，因此无法测试声音信号的特定差异是否真的有助于物种凝聚力，以及“声音物种”是否实际上在基因上是不同的。

This project will contribute to a better understanding of the cryptic diversity within dwarf galagos in Eastern Africa, integrating genetic, morphological and bio-acoustic data. This study will strive to 1) describe the genetic relationship within and among currently recognized dwarf galago species and, 2) test the importance of vocal communication in maintaining reproductive isolation between cryptic species. The project will yield the most comprehensive molecular assessment of galagid evolutionary relationships undertaken to date and will help elucidate likely causes of diversification and speciation among cryptic primates. From a conservation perspective, it will contribute to understand the diversity of nocturnal galagids in Eastern Africa, which is crucial for developing effective conservation and management programs. The study also promotes international collaboration at many levels.Understanding and describing biological diversity is one of the main goals for biologists. This task, however, is particularly challenging when speciation is not always accompanied by noticeable morphological change. An appreciation of such cryptic species is not only important for better understanding biological diversity, but it may also affect our ability to explore models and patterns of speciation. Nocturnal dwarf galagos (Galagoides) are among the most morphologically cryptic of all primates and their evolutionary history is one of the most longstanding problems in primatology. Given the lack of morphological differentiation, galago species have been mostly described based on their advertisement calls. Within galagids, acoustic communication plays a critical role and vocal signals are used to maintain contact with other members of the same species and to attract mates. Species cohesiveness is therefore likely to be maintained by non-visual recognition systems, and advertisement calls have been suggested to play a critical role in reproductive isolation. The lack of genetic data, however, has not allowed testing of whether specific differences in vocal signals can really contribute to species cohesion, and whether "vocal species" are actually genetically distinct.