Strukturelle und funktionelle Analysen des synaptonemal Komplexes während der Meiose

减数分裂期间联会复合体的结构和功能分析

• 批准号: 18366224
• 负责人: Dr. Kristina Schild
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Department of Genetics
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Fellowships
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2004-12-31 至 2007-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/18366224?language=en
• 关键词: Strukturelle; und; funktionelle; Analysen; des

Meiosis is a form of cell division through which chromosome number is reduced by half, leading to the formation of haploid gametes. It unfolds in two phases (meiosis I and meiosis II) where chromosomes undergo a series of well-orchestrated events ultimately ensuring their proper segregation. In particular, during meiosis I homologous chromosomes pair, synapse and recombine. A failure in any of these steps leads to serious consequences such as infertility, miscarriages and birth defects in humans. Despite being essential for sexually reproducing organisms meiosis is still not fully understood. This proposal aims to investigate the macromolecular assembly of the synaptonemal complex (SC) and its roles in chromosome segregation in Caenorhabditis elegans. Our first aim is to investigate how diverged organisms ultimately form a structure that is well conserved at the electron microscopical (EM) level. We will address this by expressing known C. elegans central region components (SYP-1, SYP-2) in a heterologous system and determining their functional structure with respect to their counterparts in other organisms. Furthermore, localization studies will be performed throughout different meiotic stages by immuno-EM. Our second aim is to determine the role(s) of the SC in chromosome segregation. Recent studies suggest that SC disassembly is coupled to crossover recombination and the targeted release of cohesion prior to the first meiotic division. We will directly address this by monitoring SC disassembly upon altering the distribution of crossover events, and by examining protein-protein interactions involved in this process through co-immunoprecipitation and two hybrid assays.

减数分裂是细胞分裂的一种形式，通过这种形式，染色体数目减少一半，导致形成单倍体配子。它分为两个阶段（减数分裂I和减数分裂II），其中染色体经历一系列精心策划的事件，最终确保其正确分离。特别是在减数分裂I期间，同源染色体配对、突触和重组。这些步骤中的任何一个失败都会导致严重的后果，例如人类的不孕症，流产和出生缺陷。尽管减数分裂对于有性生殖生物体是必不可少的，但它仍然没有完全被理解。本研究旨在探讨秀丽隐杆线虫联会复合体（SC）的大分子组装及其在染色体分离中的作用。我们的第一个目标是调查如何分歧的生物体最终形成一个结构，在电子显微镜（EM）水平上是很好的保守。我们将通过表达已知的C来解决这个问题。线虫中心区成分（SYP-1，SYP-2）在异源系统，并确定其功能结构相对于他们在其他生物体中的对应物。此外，定位研究将在整个不同的减数分裂阶段进行免疫电镜。我们的第二个目标是确定SC在染色体分离中的作用。最近的研究表明，SC拆卸耦合到交换重组和有针对性的释放凝聚力之前的第一次减数分裂。我们将直接解决这一问题，通过监测SC解体后改变交叉事件的分布，并通过检查蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用参与这一过程，通过免疫共沉淀和两个杂交试验。