Structure, Assembly, and Molecular Interactions of Filamentous Plant Viruses

丝状植物病毒的结构、组装和分子相互作用

• 批准号: 0743931
• 负责人: Gerald Stubbs
• 金额: $ 85万
• 依托单位: Vanderbilt University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-07-15 至 2014-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0743931&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Structure; Assembly; Molecular; Interactions; Filamentous

This project encompasses the determination of the three-dimensional molecular structures of a number of flexible filamentous plant viruses. It is part of a comprehensive, integrated structural analysis of the filamentous plant viruses, aimed at explaining the processes of viral infection, dissemination, and host interactions, and understanding the relationships among these important viruses. The viruses to be studied include members of the potexvirus, potyvirus, and closterovirus groups. The potexviruses are of great significance as models for fundamental virology and cell biology; they have enormous potential in biotechnology, and they are of considerable importance for the damage they cause in agriculture. The potyviruses are responsible for half the viral crop damage in the world, and are of interest because of their close relationship to the animal rhinoviruses (responsible for such diverse conditions as the common cold, polio, and foot-and-mouth disease). The closteroviruses are also of major agricultural significance. To utilize the full potential of the flexible filamentous viruses as models and in biotechnology, and to combat their effects in agriculture, knowledge of three-dimensional structures in atomic detail is required. Apart from this group's preliminary results, there are no three-dimensional structures known for any flexible filamentous virus. Virus structures to be determined will include the most important of the potexviruses, potato virus X, as well as the potyviruses soybean mosaic virus and wheat streak mosaic virus and the closterovirus beet yellows virus. Structures will be determined by cryo-electron microscopy and X-ray fiber diffraction; models derived from cryo-electron microscopy will be used as starting points for more detailed analysis using fiber diffraction data. Fiber diffraction specimen preparation methods developed in this laboratory have greatly improved the quality of data from potexviruses and potyviruses; before this project began, no useful diffraction data had been obtained from potyviruses. Broader impacts will be through the integration of research and education, and through the application of this research to new developments in crop protection and plant biotechnology, particularly in the production of pharmacologically useful products. This laboratory has a strong program of involvement of undergraduates and K-12 teachers in research, and the project activities will include undergraduates, graduate students, and K-12 teachers and students.

该项目包括确定一些柔性丝状植物病毒的三维分子结构。它是丝状植物病毒的全面综合结构分析的一部分，旨在解释病毒感染，传播和宿主相互作用的过程，并了解这些重要病毒之间的关系。待研究的病毒包括马铃薯X病毒、马铃薯Y病毒和线形病毒组的成员。马铃薯X病毒作为基础病毒学和细胞生物学的模型具有重要意义;它们在生物技术中具有巨大的潜力，并且它们在农业中造成的损害相当重要。马铃薯Y病毒是造成世界上一半的病毒性作物损害的原因，并且由于它们与动物鼻病毒（负责普通感冒，脊髓灰质炎和口蹄疫等多种疾病）的密切关系而受到关注。梭状病毒在农业上也具有重要意义。为了充分利用灵活的丝状病毒作为模型和生物技术的潜力，并打击其在农业中的影响，需要了解原子细节的三维结构。除了这个小组的初步结果，还没有任何柔性丝状病毒的三维结构。待确定的病毒结构将包括最重要的马铃薯X病毒、马铃薯X病毒、马铃薯Y病毒、大豆花叶病毒、小麦条斑花叶病毒和线形病毒甜菜黄化病毒。将通过低温电子显微镜和X射线纤维衍射确定结构;来自低温电子显微镜的模型将用作使用纤维衍射数据进行更详细分析的起点。本实验室开发的纤维衍射样品制备方法大大提高了马铃薯X病毒和马铃薯Y病毒数据的质量;在本项目开始之前，尚未获得马铃薯Y病毒的有用衍射数据。更广泛的影响将通过研究和教育的结合，并通过将这一研究应用于作物保护和植物生物技术的新发展，特别是在生产可再生产品方面。该实验室有一个强大的本科生和K-12教师参与研究的计划，项目活动将包括本科生，研究生和K-12教师和学生。