Functional Polymer Surfaces

功能性聚合物表面

• 批准号: 0802452
• 负责人: Kenneth Wynne
• 金额: $ 47.2万
• 依托单位: Virginia Commonwealth University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-05-01 至 2012-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0802452&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Functional; Polymer; Surfaces

This research is aimed at generating functional polymer surfaces with compositional economy, new or improved properties, and facile, conventional processing. One research thrust focuses on P[AB] (co-polyoxetane) soft block polyurethanes as minor constituents (2 wt% or less) in blends such that the co-polyoxetane soft block defines surface properties while the base polymer defines bulk properties. A unique feature is synergistic interactions of A and B co-repeats that produce new surface phenomena. Prior research points to opportunities via increasing the mole fraction charged (quaternary) B co-repeat units in P[AB]-soft block polyurethanes. This strategy is aimed at facilitating physical studies of surface concentration and accelerating kinetics of antimicrobial action. Newly discovered "seeding" of layer by layer (LbL) processing via polycationic modifiers will be explored as a method to quickly and radically change surface properties. Other P[AB]-soft block polyurethanes that confer "contraphilic" wetting will be studied as these surfaces may have unique biocompatibility. The structure and surface dynamics of new semicrystalline fluorous polyoxetanes will be evaluated as promising candidates for environmentally responsible hydrophobic/oleophobic coatings. Finally, modifying condensation cured polydimethylsiloxane networks by a recently discovered approach is aimed at introducing oleophobicity and surface concentration of quaternary charge.NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY: Polymer surfaces are encountered in a myriad of everyday things such as painted or coated surfaces and molded objects. This research is aimed at economically introducing special functions into such surfaces. One subject is generation of durable, intrinsically sterile surfaces in an economical way. The special function of sterility (with economy) is needed for healthcare facilities to thwart the spread of disease. To achieve these and other desirable surface characteristics, special additives are designed for conventional coatings such that a very small amount spontaneously concentrates at the surface during conventional application. Another surface function being developed is a novel wetting characteristic that is counterintuitive: a surface that is initially "water loving" but becomes resistant to wetting after the surface is initially wetted. Such a wetting property looks promising for medical device coatings that require compatibility with body tissue or fluids. Broader impacts of this research include interdisciplinary training in chemistry, surface science and microbiology, which results in high demand for students and postdoctoral scientists by companies such as contact lens producers and companies employing biotechnology for drug manufacture. This research is aimed at effecting broader impacts locally, through undergraduate and graduate course development (e.g., the course "Introduction to Polymers in Medicine") and through underrepresented minority participation in research. On a national level, support for this research facilitates leadership activities such as co-organization of the biennial American Chemical Society K-12 workshops / symposia "Polymer Science of Everyday Things". International collaborative work and student exchange with groups in Japan, Italy, and Sweden play a vital role in understanding how the targeted surfaces are modified.

这项研究的目的是产生功能性聚合物表面的组成经济，新的或改进的性能，和方便，传统的加工。一个研究重点集中在P[AB]（共聚氧杂环丁烷）软嵌段聚氨酯作为共混物中的次要组分（2重量%或更少），使得共聚氧杂环丁烷软嵌段限定表面性质，而基础聚合物限定本体性质。一个独特的特征是产生新的表面现象的A和B共重复的协同相互作用。先前的研究指出了通过增加P[AB]-软嵌段聚氨酯中带电（季）B共聚重复单元的摩尔分数的机会。该策略旨在促进表面浓度的物理研究和加速抗菌作用的动力学。通过聚阳离子改性剂的逐层（LBL）处理的新发现的“播种”将被探索作为一种快速和根本改变表面特性的方法。将研究赋予“逆亲”润湿性的其他P[AB]-软嵌段聚氨酯，因为这些表面可能具有独特的生物相容性。新型半结晶氟聚氧杂环丁烷的结构和表面动力学将被评估为对环境负责的疏水/疏油涂层的有前途的候选者。最后，通过最近发现的方法修改缩合固化的聚二甲基硅氧烷网络的目的是引入疏油性和表面浓度的quaternary charge.NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY：聚合物表面遇到无数的日常事物，如油漆或涂层表面和模塑物体。本研究旨在经济地将特殊功能引入此类表面。一个主题是以经济的方式产生耐用的、本质上无菌的表面。卫生保健设施需要无菌的特殊功能（经济）来阻止疾病的传播。为了实现这些和其他所需的表面特性，为常规涂层设计了特殊的添加剂，使得在常规应用期间非常少量的添加剂自发地集中在表面。另一个正在开发的表面功能是一种新的润湿特性，这是违反直觉的：一个表面，最初是“水爱好”，但变得抗润湿后，表面最初润湿。这样的润湿性质对于需要与身体组织或流体相容的医疗装置涂层看起来是有希望的。这项研究的更广泛影响包括化学、表面科学和微生物学的跨学科培训，这导致隐形透镜生产商和采用生物技术制造药物的公司对学生和博士后科学家的需求很高。这项研究的目的是通过本科和研究生课程的开发（例如，课程“医学聚合物导论”），并通过代表性不足的少数群体参与研究。在国家一级，对这项研究的支持促进了领导活动，如共同组织两年一度的美国化学学会K-12讲习班/研讨会“日常事物的聚合物科学”。与日本、意大利和瑞典的国际合作工作和学生交流在了解目标表面如何改性方面发挥着至关重要的作用。