Thermal Equations of State of Mantle and Core Materials

任何实质性地震产生的地震波都会穿过地球？S内部，提供有关地球物质属性的信息？S内部。为了理解地震观测，我们进行了实验室实验，以获得相当于地球内部S内部的高压(P)和温度(T)条件下地球材料的物理性质。然后，实验数据被用来直接与观测结果进行比较，并建立地球内部的模型--S。在这个方案中，我们将利用同步辐射X射线衍射技术，在高压和高温下测量硅酸盐钙钛矿和铁方镁石(地球的两个主要相？S下地幔)和铁镍合金(地球的主要成分？S内核)的密度。我们将使用最新开发的激光加热以及外阻和激光加热技术相结合的方法在金刚石顶压室中模拟地球内部的条件？S。提出的研究重点是在扩大实验P-T范围的同时获得高质量的数据。利用新的数据，我们可以直接评估橄榄岩地幔模型是否与观测到的地幔密度剖面一致，并约束内核中轻元素的数量。这一结果将对地幔对流、地核动力学和地球内部成分模型S具有重要的意义。该项目将开发高压技术，供广大科学界的研究人员使用，并为各级年轻研究人员提供在高压研究中获得研究经验的机会。从拟议的研究中获得的知识将提高我们对地球，特别是其内部的总体了解。

Seismic waves generated by any substantial earthquake travel through the Earth?s inside, providing information on material properties of the Earth?s interior. In order to understand the seismic observations, we perform laboratory experiments to obtain physical properties of earth materials under high pressure (P) and temperature (T) conditions equivalent to the Earth?s interior. The experimental data are then used to directly compare with the observations and build models of the Earth?s interior. In this proposal, we will measure densities of silicate perovskite and ferropericlase (two dominant phases of the Earth?s lower mantle) and iron-nickel alloy (the main constituent of the Earth?s inner core) at high pressure and temperature, using synchrotron X-ray diffraction techniques. We will use newly developed laser heating and combination of external resistance and laser heating techniques in the diamond anvil cell to simulate conditions of the Earth?s interior. The emphasis of the proposed research is to obtain high-quality data while expanding the experimental P-T range. Using the new data, we can directly evaluate if a peridotitic mantle model is consistent with the observed mantle density profile and constrain the amount of light elements in the inner core. The results will have important implications for mantle convection, core dynamics, and composition models of the Earth?s interior. The project will develop high-pressure techniques that will be available for researchers in broad scientific communities and provide opportunity for young researchers at all levels to gain research experience in high-pressure research. Knowledge obtained from the proposed study will improve our general understanding of the planet Earth, especially, its interior.