The effects of temperature on ecological processes in a rocky intertidal community: a mechanistic approach

温度对岩石潮间带群落生态过程的影响：机械方法

• 批准号: 0824903
• 负责人: Emily Carrington
• 金额: $ 54.27万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-15 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0824903&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: effects; temperature; ecological; processes; rocky

Temperature influences organismal physiology, behavior, community interactions, and ecosystem function; yet rarely are the mechanisms understood. Accurately predicting the consequences of temperature for a species requires knowledge of: local climatic conditions, the relationship between climate and organismal body temperature, and the physiological and ecological consequences of body temperature. Few studies to date have explored all three areas concurrently. This project will examine in detail the biophysical, physiological, and ecological effects of temperature on a rocky intertidal community, a marine ecosystem that has emerged as a model system for studying the ecological consequences of temperature. It will focus on three major species, representative of rocky marine shore species worldwide: the barnacle, Balanus glandula, its predator Nucella ostrina, and the rockweed Fucus gardneri, which provides shelter for both species. The research is centered around three major goals: to develop biophysical models to explicitly link local climate to organismal body temperatures; to develop energy budget models to relate organismal body temperature to individual performance; and to identify the effect of temperature on interactions among the three species through a series of laboratory and field experiments. This research will provide a model system for understanding the effects of temperature on both individual performance and species interactions. It represents a significant contribution to understanding basic ecological questions, such as the role of temperature in structuring communities, and will also contribute to a more mechanistic understanding of the ecological consequences of future climate changes.This research will promote a broader understanding of how temperature affects organisms and communities among scientists, students, and the general public in at least four ways. First, the research themes address a basic, yet poorly resolved, question in ecology: the influence of temperature on organismal performance and species interactions. This multiscale, integrated approach has the potential to transform current paradigms of how environmental change affects species and communities. Understanding the role of temperature in structuring communities is directly relevant to Biological Oceanography's special emphasis on biological diversity in marine systems. Second, the project is highly interdisciplinary by nature, and will forge new research partnerships among three female scientists (the PI, a postdoc, and a collaborator at an RUI institution) and will provide new educational opportunities for several graduate and undergraduate students. The investigators will offer undergraduate research opportunities to underrepresented groups with their continued participation in the FHL Blinks Program to Enhance Diversity each summer, and expect to provide several REU experiences as well (separate NSF proposal resubmission pending). Third, The PI will incorporate research results and techniques into her undergraduate and graduate courses at FHL and the UW Seattle campus. The FHL undergraduate course integrates public outreach into the curriculum; these activities are part of FHL's broader Science Outreach Program that promotes science education and environmental stewardship. Finally, the results of this project will be incorporated into ongoing conservation and monitoring efforts conducted in the upper Puget Sound region by the University of Washington and the Friday Harbor Laboratories. The project will also enhance understanding of the ecological consequences of climate change, a significant societal problem.

温度影响有机生理，行为，社区互动和生态系统功能；但是很少能理解的机制。准确地预测温度对物种的后果需要了解：局部气候条件，气候与有机体温度之间的关系以及体温的生理和生态后果。迄今为止，很少有研究同时探讨了这三个领域。该项目将详细研究温度对岩石间潮间群落的生物物理，生理和生态影响，这是一个海洋生态系统，已成为研究温度生态后果的模型系统。它将集中在三种主要物种上，即全球落基海岸物种的代表：藤壶，巴拉努斯·腺体，其捕食者核ostrina和Rockweed Fucus Gardneri，为这两种物种提供庇护所。这项研究集中在三个主要目标围绕：开发生物物理模型以明确将局部气候与有机体温度联系起来；开发能源预算模型以将有机体温度与个体性能相关联；并通过一系列实验室和现场实验来确定温度对三个物种之间相互作用的影响。这项研究将提供一个模型系统，以了解温度对个体性能和物种相互作用的影响。它代表了理解基本生态问题的重要贡献，例如温度在结构社区中的作用，还将有助于对未来气候变化的生态后果的更机械理解。这项研究将在至少四种方面促进对温度影响科学家，学生和公众之间的生物体和社区的广泛理解。首先，研究主题介绍了生态学的基本但丝解决方案的问题：温度对有机性能和物种相互作用的影响。这种多尺度的综合方法有可能改变环境变化如何影响物种和社区的当前范式。了解温度在结构社区中的作用与生物海洋学对海洋系统中生物多样性的特别强调直接相关。其次，该项目本质上是高度跨学科的，将在三位女科学家（PI，博士后和RUI机构的合作者）之间建立新的研究伙伴关系，并将为几位研究生和本科生提供新的教育机会。调查人员将通过不断参与FHL眨眼计划来提供代表性不足的群体的本科研究机会，以增强每年夏天的多样性，并期望还提供多种REU体验（独立的NSF提案重新提出重新提交）。第三，PI将将研究结果和技术纳入她在FHL和UW西雅图校园的本科和研究生课程中。 FHL本科课程将公众推广纳入课程；这些活动是FHL更广泛的科学外展计划的一部分，该计划促进了科学教育和环境管理。最后，该项目的结果将纳入华盛顿大学和星期五港口实验室在上普吉特海湾地区进行的持续保护和监测工作。该项目还将增强对气候变化的生态后果的理解，这是一个重大的社会问题。