Collaborative Research: Tissue Cutting Mechanics - Investigation of the Effective and Minimally Invasive Biopsy

合作研究：组织切割力学 - 有效和微创活检的研究

• 批准号: 0825795
• 负责人: Albert Shih
• 金额: $ 23.15万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-01-01 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0825795&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Tissue; Cutting; Mechanics

The research objective of this award is to investigate the cutting mechanics of biological tissue in needle biopsy procedures by viewing biopsy as a cutting process with tissue as the work-material. This will be accomplished by testing novel needle tip geometries using high speed tissue cutting test machines to characterize the mechanics of tissue cutting and by modeling the mechanics of tissue cutting. Advanced helical needle-tips and micro-grinding methods will be applied to generate novel needle-tip geometries with sharp, burr-free cutting edges. Two test machines, one for high speed orthogonal and oblique tissue cutting and another for high speed needle insertion, will be built to investigate the effects of cutting speed and needle tip geometry. Mechanistic models will be built to predict the tissue cutting force related to the needle geometry and cutting speed. Tissue fracture and tissue-needle tribological phenomena in high-speed tissue cutting will be studied to develop the fundamentals of tissue cutting mechanics. If successful, the benefits of this research will be improved performance of the most commonly used medical device - the needle. Tissue cutting efficiency will increase thereby reducing pain and trauma in biopsy procedures. New biopsy machines with advanced needles and optimized operating parameters will increase the volume of tissue samples collected in each needle insertion and improve the accuracy of pathology diagnoses in a wide range of biopsy procedures. Results of the proposed research will also extend the traditional field of machining to biomedical and health care applications and promote the emerging research frontiers in biomedical manufacturing.

该奖项的研究目标是通过将活检视为以组织为工作材料的切割过程，研究针刺活检过程中生物组织的切割机理。这将通过测试新的针尖几何形状，使用高速组织切割测试机来表征组织切割机制，并通过对组织切割机制进行建模来实现。先进的螺旋针尖和微磨削方法将被应用于产生具有锋利、无毛刺的切割边缘的新型针尖几何形状。将建造两台试验机，一台用于高速垂直和倾斜组织切割，另一台用于高速插针，以研究切割速度和针尖几何形状的影响。将建立力学模型来预测组织切削力与针的几何形状和切割速度有关。将研究高速组织切割中的组织断裂和组织针摩擦学现象，以发展组织切割力学的基础。如果成功，这项研究的好处将是改善最常用的医疗设备-针头的性能。组织切割效率将提高，从而减少活检过程中的疼痛和创伤。配备先进的针和优化的操作参数的新型活检机将增加每次插入针所采集的组织样本的数量，并在广泛的活组织检查程序中提高病理诊断的准确性。拟议的研究成果还将把传统的机械加工领域扩展到生物医学和保健应用领域，并促进生物医学制造领域的新兴研究前沿。