Materials World Network:Control of the Electron Nuclear Interaction in Nano-Electronic Devices

该奖项支持美国哈佛大学和佛罗里达大学(UF)、瑞士巴塞尔大学和瑞士苏黎世理工学院(苏黎世)以及德国雷根斯堡大学在研究和教育方面的国际合作。该项目的主要目标是了解、控制和利用限制在低维凝聚态系统中的电子自旋与主体晶格的核自旋的超精细相互作用。凝聚态物理中的四个新兴主题引起了人们对这一主题的特别关注，使网络规模的活动变得及时。这些主题是：i)物质的纳米级控制的进展，例如量子点，其中电子与更少的核自旋相互作用，从而极大地增强超精细耦合的有效性；ii)出现自旋电子器件，利用电子的自旋而不是电荷来实现量子中继器、量子计算机和量子存储器的未来前景，以实现安全通信和增强计算；iii)在新型材料中设计相互作用，例如选通和定制能带结构；以及iv)提供高质量的制造设施。这个网络有三个主要的推动力：i)控制III-V半导体量子点中的自旋和电子-核相互作用[实验：哈佛大学；理论：哈佛大学，巴塞尔]；ii)通过巡回载流子的核自旋耦合(RKKY相互作用)和p掺杂异质结中的核磁性[实验：ETH，Regensburg；理论：UF，巴塞尔，哈佛大学]；以及iii)富13C纳米管中的电子-核相互作用[实验：哈佛大学，理论：哈佛大学，巴塞尔，UF大学]。通过在国际环境中研究基本问题和应用问题之间的接口，该网络有助于对研究生进行交叉培训，这是下一代设备工程师和科学家所需的，可能是从事量子相干设备的工作。在该项目的整个过程中，哈佛大学和ETH的实验小组之间以及哈佛大学、巴塞尔大学和密歇根大学的理论小组之间将进行学生交换。

This award supports an international collaboration for research and education among Harvard University and University of Florida (UF) in the USA, University of Basel and ETH (Zurich) in Switzerland, and University of Regensburg in Germany. The main goal of the project is to understand, control, and utilize the hyperfine interaction of electron spins, confined in low-dimensional condensed matter systems, with the nuclear spins of the host lattice. Four emerging themes in condensed matter physics draw particular attention to this topic, making a Network-scale activity timely. Those themes are: i) advances in nanoscale control of matter, e.g. , quantum dots, where electrons interact with far fewer nuclear spins thereby greatly enhancing the effectiveness of hyperfine coupling; ii) emergence of spintronics devices employing the electron's spin rather than charge for future prospects of quantum repeaters, quantum computers, and quantum memory for secure communication and enhanced computation, iii) engineered interactions in novel materials, such as gating and tailoring of band structure, and iv) availability of high-quality fabrication facilities. There are three main thrusts in this Network: i) control of spin and electron-nuclear interaction in III-V semiconductor quantum dots [experiment: Harvard; theory: Harvard, Basel]; ii) coupling of nuclear spins via itinerant carriers (RKKY interaction) and nuclear magnetism in p-doped heterostructures [experiment: ETH, Regensburg; theory: UF, Basel, Harvard]; and iii) electron-nuclear interactions in 13C-enriched nanotubes [experiment: Harvard, theory: Harvard, Basel, UF]. By investigating the interface between fundamental and applied problems in an international environment, this Network contributes to the kind of cross-training of graduate students that is needed for the next generation of device engineers and scientists, perhaps working with quantum-coherent devices. Exchange of students between experimental groups at Harvard and ETH and between theoretical groups at Harvard, Basel, and UF will take place over the course of the project