Collaborative Research: Deep Convective Clouds and Chemistry (DC3) Field Campaign

根据提交的深对流云和化学(DC3)野外活动的科学计划概述(SPO)文件，这项初步工作将侧重于支持计划这项大型实验的潜在DC3调查人员所需的协调。如果得到支持，DC3将调查深部、中纬度大陆对流云的影响，包括它们的动力学、物理和闪电过程，对上层对流层(UT)的组成和化学。DC3将请求使用大量仪表化的飞机平台和地面观测系统。NSF/NCAR湾流-V(GV)飞机将是研究风暴高空外流的主要平台，并将被用来测量各种气相物种、辐射和云/降水粒子特征。GV还将记录对流羽流的顺风化学演化。NSF/NCARC C-130(或可能是NASA DC-8)飞机将通过现场观测补充GV，以确定对流风暴流入的特征，并提供遥感，以帮助GV飞行计划优化和柱特征确定。陆基雷达网将描绘风暴的体积降水和运动特征，并为飞机作业提供指导。闪电对外流成分的影响将通过甚高频闪电测绘阵列的详细测量来限制。因此，DC3将通过使用以前不可用的先进仪器，超过早期针对这些主题的实验。卫星数据将把机载和地面测量放在更广泛的地理区域的范围内，并帮助指导抽样战略。同时，DC3的测量将有助于增强卫星对风暴附近大气成分(如二氧化氮)的反演。计划中的实地计划的更广泛影响将包括广泛的教育和外联活动，以及通过改善对UT臭氧来源的了解，评估报告和由此产生的政策影响。此外，DC3的测量将有助于改进对流输送、闪电产生一氧化氮和化学物质湿沉积的模式参数。本科生和研究生将以各种方式参加DC3，包括机载和地面观测、仪器的设计和建造、数值模型的操作和改进、降水收集和分析，以及通过演讲和出版物向科学界报告结果。实地宣传期间的外联和媒体日将为公众参与大气科学提供宝贵的手段。

Based upon a submitted Scientific Program Overview (SPO) document for the Deep Convective Clouds and Chemistry (DC3) field campaign, this preliminary effort will focus on support of required coordination of potential DC3 investigators planning this large experiment.If supported, DC3 will investigate the impact of deep, mid-latitude continental convective clouds, including their dynamical, physical, and lightning processes, on upper tropospheric (UT) composition and chemistry. DC3 will be requesting access to extensively instrumented aircraft platforms and ground-based observation systems. The NSF/NCAR Gulfstream-V (GV) aircraft would be the primary platform to study the high altitude outflow of the storms, and would be instrumented to measure a variety of gas-phase species, radiation, and cloud/precipitation particle characteristics. The GV would also document the downwind chemical evolution of the convective plume. The NSF/NCAR C-130 (or possibly the NASA DC-8) aircraft would complement the GV via in situ observations to characterize the convective storm inflow and provide remote sensing to aid in GV flight plan optimization and column characterization. Ground-based radar networks would depict the volumetric precipitation and kinematic characteristics of storms and provide guidance to the aircraft operations. The impact of lightning on outflow composition would be constrained through detailed measurements from VHF lightning mapping arrays. DC3 would thus surpass earlier experiments that addressed these topics by using advanced instrumentation not previously available. Satellite data would place the airborne and ground-based measurements in the context of the wider geographical region and help guide sampling strategies. At the same time, DC3 measurements would serve to augment satellite retrievals of atmospheric constituents such as nitrogen dioxide near storms. Broader impacts of the planned field program would include extensive education and outreach activities and via improved understanding of sources of UT ozone, which is important to climate forcing and air quality, for assessment reports and resulting policy implications. Further, DC3 measurements would be instrumental in improving model parameterizations of convective transport, production of nitric oxide by lightning, and wet deposition of chemical species. Undergraduate and graduate students would participate in DC3 in a variety of ways including airborne and ground-based observations, design and construction of instruments, operation and improvement of numerical models, precipitation collection and analysis, and reporting of the results to the scientific community through presentations and publications. Outreach and media days during the field campaign would provide a valuable means to engage the public in atmospheric science.