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Atmospheric Reactive Gases and Particles Generated by Electrical Discharges: Laboratory and Modeling Studies

放电产生的大气反应气体和颗粒：实验室和建模研究

基本信息

批准号：
2134961
负责人：
William Brune
金额：
$ 69.61万
依托单位：
Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-02-15 至 2025-01-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2134961&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Atmospheric Reactive Gases Particles Generated

项目摘要

This project involves laboratory studies to improve the understanding of the conditions by which hydroxyl radical (OH) and hydroperoxyl radical (HO2) are produced by electrical discharges such as lightning. This research will also investigate the generation of lightning produced ozone and nitrogen oxides. These efforts will improve the parameterizations of the production of lightning-produced hydrogen oxide radicals in chemical transport and climate models, leading to better predictions for air quality and climate change.This project includes 7 tasks: (1) Performing more laboratory studies over a greater range of temperature, pressure, and water vapor ranges that match atmospheric conditions at different altitudes; (2) Testing the dependence of lightning-produced hydrogen oxide radicals, (LHOx), lightning-produced ozone (LO3), and lightning-produced nitrogen oxides (LNOx) on the presence of cloud particles with different cloud water content; (3) Generating the visible and subvisible electrical discharges by different methods; (4) Exploring the generation of LHOx, LO3, and LNOx with subvisible discharges, corona, and sparks over a wider range of charge transfer; (5) Determining the cause of the slower-than-expected decay of LHOx in the presence of 100’s of ppbv to ppmv levels of spark-generated LNOx; (6) Examining particle production; and (7) Working with cloud modelers and chemical transport modelers on parameterizations.This effort includes the training of both undergraduate and graduate students and a postdoctoral scholar who will participate in the research.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目涉及实验室研究，以提高对闪电等放电产生羟基自由基（OH）和过氧化氢自由基（HO 2）的条件的理解。这项研究还将调查闪电产生的臭氧和氮氧化物的产生。该项目包括7个任务：（1）在更大的温度、压力和水汽范围内进行更多的实验室研究，以适应不同海拔高度的大气条件;（2）测试闪电产生的氢氧化物自由基（LHOx）、闪电产生的臭氧（LO 3）和闪电产生的氮氧化物（LNOx）对不同含水量的云粒子存在的依赖性。（4）探索在较宽的电荷转移范围内用亚可见放电、电晕和火花产生LHOx、LO 3和LNOx;（5）确定在存在100 ppbv至ppmv水平的火花产生的LNOx的情况下LHOx的衰减慢于预期的原因;（6）检查颗粒产生;和（7）与云模型和化学传输模型的参数化工作。这一努力包括本科生和研究生的培训，以及将参与研究的博士后学者。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。