Resolving Issues of Hydrogen Oxides Measurements: Laboratory Studies of HOx-NOx Chemistry and Measurement Intercomparisons

解决氧化氢测量问题：HOx-NOx 化学的实验室研究和测量比较

• 批准号: 1450838
• 负责人: William Brune
• 金额: $ 35.53万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-04-15 至 2019-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1450838&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Resolving; Issues; Hydrogen; Oxides; Measurements

This project is focused on improving measurement methods for hydroxyl and hydroperoxyl radicals (OH and HO2) in the atmosphere. These compounds are very reactive and known to ?cleanse? the atmosphere by oxidizing and breaking down a number of trace species and pollutants so that they are removed from the atmosphere. Understanding atmospheric oxidation chemistry is critical for establishing the links between atmospheric composition, air quality, and climate change.One method for measuring OH and HO2 is the Fluorescence Assay by Gas Expansion (FAGE) instrument using a Ground-based Tropospheric Hydrogen Oxides Sensor (GTHOS). In the past, there have been discrepancies between the GTHOS/FAGE measured values and the modeled values of OH and HO2, primarily showing greater-than-expected OH in low-nitrogen oxides (NOx) environments and greater-than-expected HO2 in high-NOx environments.The proposed effort consists of three main tasks: (1) identifying the cause of the OH interference in the measurement instrument (GTHOS/FAGE) and implementing instrument changes to minimize its impact on OH measurement; (2) resolving the issues of HOx-NOx chemistry with focused laboratory studies; and (3) lowering the GTHOS limit-of-detection to 105 OH cm-3 and the absolute uncertainty to 20% (95% confidence).This proposal has a high potential to transform current understanding of atmospheric chemistry, including air pollution chemistry and the forcing of global climate by radiatively active species that respond to changes in this chemistry.

该项目的重点是改进大气中羟基和过氧化氢自由基（OH和HO 2）的测量方法。这些化合物是非常活跃和已知的？净化？通过氧化和分解一些微量物质和污染物，使它们从大气中消失，从而使大气中的污染物减少。 了解大气氧化化学对于建立大气成分、空气质量和气候变化之间的联系至关重要。测量OH和HO 2的一种方法是使用地基对流层氢氧化物传感器（GTHOS）的气体膨胀荧光分析（FAGE）仪器。 过去，GTHOS/FAGE测量值与OH和HO 2的模拟值之间存在差异，主要表现为在低氮氧化物（NOx）环境中OH高于预期，而在高氮氧化物环境中HO 2高于预期。（1）确定测量仪器中OH干扰的原因（GTHOS/FAGE）和实施仪器变更，以尽量减少其对OH测量的影响;（2）通过重点实验室研究解决HOx-NOx化学问题; GTHOS的检测限为105 OHcm ~（-3），绝对不确定度为20%（95%置信度）。这一提议很有可能改变目前对大气化学的理解，包括空气污染化学和对这种化学变化作出反应的辐射活性物种对全球气候的影响。