Implicit Stereotyping and Prejudice: Strategies and Processes of Change

隐性成见和偏见：变革的策略和过程

• 批准号: 0921516
• 负责人: Margo Monteith
• 金额: $ 45万
• 依托单位: Purdue University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-15 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0921516&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Implicit; Stereotyping; Prejudice; Strategies; Processes

This project capitalizes upon current understanding of implicit attitudes in social psychology. The study of implicit processes has been especially prevalent in the area of stereotyping and prejudice where researchers have determined that attitudes and associations activated implicitly may be consistent with or strikingly contradictory to attitudes activated explicitly. For example, White people's explicit attitudes may lead them to espouse egalitarian and non-prejudiced attitudes toward African Americans. However, various cognitive, motivational and social processes can simultaneously lead to negative implicit attitudes and stereotypic associations in relation to African Americans. These associations have been linked to discriminatory outcomes in many domains, including education, psychological health, employment outcomes, medical care, and policing. Therefore, understanding how implicit biases can be changed is critically important not only for advances in our knowledge of attitudes, but also for reducing the pervasive consequences of implicit prejudice. The purpose of the research in this grant is to improve understanding of the potential effectiveness of different strategies for changing implicit attitudes, the time course and persistence of change brought about through these strategies, as well as the underlying processes through which change may be achieved. In addition, the research examines the effects of implicit bias reduction strategies on judgmental and evaluative behavioral outcomes in short and long term contexts, and with respect to interracial interactions. The first set of experiments examines the effectiveness of intergroup bias reduction strategies among Whites. The second set of experiments examines the effects of the change strategies on judgmental and evaluative behavioral outcomes. The final set of experiments focuses on the outcomes of implicit bias change among members of stereotyped groups who have negative implicit biases related to their own group. Ultimately, this research will advance current understanding of the interplay of automatic and controlled processes by providing and testing a framework of implicit bias change.

这个项目利用了社会心理学中对内隐态度的当前理解。对内隐过程的研究在刻板印象和偏见领域尤为普遍，研究人员已经确定，内隐激活的态度和联想可能与外显激活的态度一致或显著相反。例如，白人的露骨态度可能会导致他们对非裔美国人采取平等主义和无偏见的态度。然而，各种认知、动机和社会过程可以同时导致对非裔美国人的负面含蓄态度和刻板印象。这些关联与许多领域的歧视性结果有关，包括教育、心理健康、就业结果、医疗保健和警务。因此，了解内隐偏见是如何改变的，这不仅对于我们对态度的认识的进步，而且对于减少内隐偏见的普遍后果，都是至关重要的。这笔赠款的研究目的是加深对不同战略改变隐性态度的潜在有效性的了解，通过这些战略带来的变化的时间进程和持久性，以及实现变化的潜在过程。此外，本研究还考察了内隐偏见减少策略在短期和长期环境下对判断和评价行为结果的影响，以及关于种族间互动的影响。第一组实验考察了白人群体间减少偏见策略的有效性。第二组实验考察了改变策略对评判性和评价性行为结果的影响。最后一组实验集中在刻板印象群体成员中内隐偏见改变的结果，这些成员具有与他们自己的群体相关的负面内隐偏见。最终，这项研究将通过提供和测试内隐偏差改变的框架，促进当前对自动和受控过程相互作用的理解。