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The phylogeny and evolution of the "Lower Neoptera" (Insecta)

“低等新翅目”（昆虫纲）的系统发育和进化

基本信息

批准号：
194096734
负责人：
Professor Dr. Rolf Georg Beutel
金额：
--
依托单位：
Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach Institut für Zoologie und Anthropologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2010-12-31 至 2013-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/194096734?language=en
关键词：
phylogeny evolution Lower Neoptera Insecta

项目摘要

Considerable efforts have been made in recent years to reconstruct the phylogeny of the lower neopteran insects. Nevertheless, their relationships are still largely unresolved. This gap of knowledge might repre-sent the greatest shortcoming in insect systematics and evolution. The "Lower Neoptera" comprise 9 of the 11 principal lineages of neopteran insects (excluding Acercaria and Holometabola): the species-rich Orthoptera and Dictyoptera, the generalised Plecoptera, the highly specialised Phasmatodea, Embiop-tera, and Dermaptera, and the microdiverse Grylloblattodea, Mantophasmatodea, and Zoraptera. The knowledge of the morphology of all these groups is very fragmentary and superficial. Our project is de-signed to compile an extensive morphological dataset for a carefully chosen taxon sample, with a focus on presumptive key taxa. Examined character systems will include the skeletomuscular systems of the head, thorax, pregenital abdomen, female postabdomen, and the tarsal and pretarsal attachment struc-tures. The obtained data will be combined with those from existing character systems provided by interna-tional collaborators. The involved expertise on different body parts, taxa and innovative methods will lead to strong synergistic effects. The phylogenetic reconstruction based on the novel morphological evidence will provide a source for testing molecular trees and for placing extinct taxa. A well supported phyloge-netic hypothesis and comprehensive evolutionary scenario for the “Lower Neoptera” are the ultimate goals of the project.

近年来，人们为重建低等新翅目昆虫的系统发育做出了巨大的努力。尽管如此，他们的关系在很大程度上仍未得到解决。这种知识差距可能代表了昆虫系统学和进化方面的最大缺陷。 “低等新翅目”包括新翅目昆虫 11 个主要谱系中的 9 个（不包括螨虫和全后翅目）：物种丰富的直翅目和网翅目、广义的侧翅目、高度特化的竹翅目、拟翅目和皮翅目，以及微型多样性的蝼蛄目、曼托翅目和琐盗类。对所有这些类群的形态学的了解非常零散和肤浅。我们的项目旨在为精心挑选的分类单元样本编译广泛的形态数据集，重点是假定的关键分类单元。检查的性格系统将包括头部、胸部、前生殖器腹部、女性后腹部以及跗骨和前跗骨附着结构的骨骼肌肉系统。获得的数据将与国际合作者提供的现有字符系统中的数据相结合。不同身体部位、分类群和创新方法的专业知识将产生强大的协同效应。基于新的形态学证据的系统发育重建将为测试分子树和放置灭绝的类群提供来源。得到充分支持的“低新翅目”系统发育假说和全面的进化情景是该项目的最终目标。