ULTRA-Ex: Urban Development, Power Relations, and Water Redistribution as Drivers of Wetland Change in the Tampa Bay Region Socioecosystem

ULTRA-Ex：城市发展、权力关系和水再分配是坦帕湾地区社会生态系统湿地变化的驱动因素

• 批准号: 0948986
• 负责人: David Lewis
• 金额: $ 28.94万
• 依托单位: University of South Florida
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-10-01 至 2013-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0948986&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: ULTRA; Ex; Urban; Development; Power

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).More than one-half of the global human population now lives in cities. In the U.S., Sun Belt cities like Tampa are growing rapidly, but rapidly growing cities consume more natural resources than they produce. Urban ecosystems rely on the redistribution and concentration of resources from much larger rural areas, but the factors influencing and the consequences of this resource redistribution remain poorly understood. This research project will use an interdisciplinary approach to investigate how social relationships facilitate the transfer of water from a rural to an urban area, and it will examine how water redistribution modifies social and ecological systems within the city and in the broader water-providing region. The focus of this project is the socioecosystem of the Tampa Bay region in west-central Florida, where water limits urban development. Water is transferred in this region from rural groundwater wellfields to the Tampa metropolis. Wetlands along the urban-to-rural corridor provide sentinel response systems that will be monitored for the effects of groundwater drawdown and other changes (such as urban land development) made possible by water redistribution. This project will have three major emphases. First, the investigators will survey residents along the urban-rural corridor to quantify demographic and geographic variability in perceptions, values, and awareness of hydrological and wetland change. Second, in order to document how organizational structure and public feedback affect policy, the investigators will interview key informants (resource managers, policy makers) and will observe participant interactions at public water-policy meetings. Third, they will use geographic information systems to study how urbanization alters the landscape around wetlands, and they will partner with water utility and management entities to analyze how the hydrology, plant community, and organic matter storage of wetlands respond to water redistribution.Humans have long modified their environment through the pursuit of necessities and amenities. In turn, people perceive and reorganize around these environmental changes. Human culture and institutions thus are components of socioecosystems in which social and biophysical factors form a complex web of interactions. This project will advance socioecological theory by elucidating if and how humans develop new policies and behaviors in response to the very environmental changes that they cause. The research team includes social and natural scientists from five academic units at the University of South Florida and from the U.S. Forest Service, and it is developing models of integrated social and ecological change. The principles that emerge from this study are likely to help prevent "water wars" that often accompany urban growth. This award was funded as an Urban Long-Term Research Area Exploratory (ULTRA-Ex) award as the result of a special competition jointly supported by the National Science Foundation and the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service.

该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。目前，全球一半以上的人口居住在城市。在美国，像坦帕这样的阳光地带城市正在迅速发展，但快速发展的城市消耗的自然资源比生产的要多。城市生态系统依赖于来自面积大得多的农村地区的资源的再分配和集中，但对这种资源再分配的影响因素和后果仍然知之甚少。这个研究项目将采用跨学科的方法来调查社会关系如何促进水从农村地区向城市地区的转移，并将研究水的再分配如何改变城市内和更广泛的供水地区的社会和生态系统。这个项目的重点是佛罗里达州中西部坦帕湾地区的社会生态系统，那里的水限制了城市的发展。在这个地区，水从农村地下水井田转移到坦帕大都市。沿着城市到农村走廊的湿地提供了哨兵反应系统，将监测地下水减少和其他变化（如城市土地开发）的影响，这些变化可能是由水的再分配造成的。这个项目将有三个重点。首先，调查人员将调查城乡走廊沿线的居民，量化人口和地理在感知、价值和对水文和湿地变化的认识方面的差异。其次，为了记录组织结构和公众反馈如何影响政策，调查人员将采访关键线人（资源经理、决策者），并将观察公共水政策会议上参与者的互动。第三，他们将使用地理信息系统来研究城市化如何改变湿地周围的景观，他们将与水务公司和管理实体合作，分析湿地的水文、植物群落和有机物储存如何响应水的再分配。长期以来，人类通过追求必需品和舒适设施来改变环境。反过来，人们又会围绕这些环境变化进行感知和重组。因此，人类文化和制度是社会生态系统的组成部分，其中社会和生物物理因素形成了一个复杂的相互作用网络。该项目将通过阐明人类是否以及如何制定新的政策和行为来应对他们造成的环境变化，从而推进社会生态学理论。该研究小组包括来自南佛罗里达大学五个学术单位和美国林务局的社会和自然科学家，他们正在开发综合社会和生态变化的模型。从这项研究中得出的原则可能有助于防止经常伴随城市发展而来的“水战”。该奖项是由国家科学基金会和美国农业部林业局联合支持的一项特殊竞赛的结果，作为城市长期研究区域探索奖（ULTRA-Ex）的资助。