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Development of Native Language Preference: Behavioral and Physiological Indices

母语偏好的发展：行为和生理指数

基本信息

批准号：
0951639
负责人：
Megha Sundara
金额：
$ 39.06万
依托单位：
University of California-Los Angeles
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-06-01 至 2015-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0951639&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Development Native Language Preference Behavioral

项目摘要

Previous research shows that within the first year of life infants are able to distinguish their native language from a language they have never heard before. In fact, they prefer to listen to their native language over an unfamiliar language. In the first component of this research, native language preference--measured using listening time or heart rate measures--will be used to capture how much and how well each infant takes in linguistic input that is available to her. In addition, by following infants with and without a preference for their native language longitudinally, the project aims to determine whether a preference measure can be used to index speech and language development later in life. The relationship between native language preference and speech and language development later in life will be investigated for English- as well as Spanish-learning infants. The final component of the research will determine what information infants rely on to distinguish their native language from a similar, yet unfamiliar language. Infants' listening time to re-synthesized native and non-native language when different elements of the speech--consonants and vowels, or the rhythm and intonation--are removed will help address this question. This work seeks to apply basic research on the abilities infants in the first year of life towards developing a tool for early identification of children with speech and language delays. By tracing the relationship of native language preference that can be measured anytime within the first 15-months of life and later language development, this research may provide insight into why some children seem to have difficulties with language acquisition. Further, by testing Spanish-learning infants as well we are laying the foundation for future research with bilingual infants learning Spanish and English. This is critical given that Spanish is spoken in about 40-50% of the homes in certain parts of the US. Finally, the research undertaken in this project will provide educational opportunities for a graduate student and several undergraduate students.

先前的研究表明，在生命的第一年内，婴儿能够区分他们的母语和他们从未听过的语言。事实上，他们更喜欢听自己的母语，而不是不熟悉的语言。在这项研究的第一部分，母语偏好-使用听力时间或心率测量-将被用来捕捉每个婴儿接受语言输入的多少和程度。此外，通过纵向跟踪有和没有母语偏好的婴儿，该项目旨在确定是否可以使用偏好测量来索引以后生活中的言语和语言发展。母语偏好和言语之间的关系和语言发展以后的生活将调查英语以及西班牙语学习的婴儿。研究的最后一部分将确定婴儿依靠什么信息来区分他们的母语和类似但不熟悉的语言。婴儿的听力时间重新合成的母语和非母语时，不同的元素的讲话-辅音和元音，或节奏和语调-将有助于解决这个问题。这项工作旨在应用对婴儿在生命的第一年的能力的基础研究，以开发一种工具，用于早期识别患有言语和语言发育迟缓的儿童。通过追踪出生后15个月内任何时候都可以测量的母语偏好与后来语言发展的关系，这项研究可以深入了解为什么有些孩子似乎在语言习得方面有困难。此外，通过测试学习西班牙语的婴儿，以及我们正在为未来的研究与双语婴儿学习西班牙语和英语奠定基础。这是至关重要的，因为在美国某些地区，大约40-50%的家庭说西班牙语。最后，在这个项目中进行的研究将为一名研究生和几名本科生提供教育机会。