PIRE: Advancing the US-China Partnership in Electron Chemistry and Catalysis at Interfaces

PIRE：推进中美在界面电子化学和催化领域的合作

• 批准号: 0968399
• 负责人: Susannah Scott
• 金额: $ 250.53万
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Barbara
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-01 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0968399&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: PIRE; Advancing; US; China; Partnership

This PIRE renewal award expands support for a pioneering U.S.-China partnership in chemistry, chemical engineering, and materials science, and adds additional Chinese institutions and a new alliance with two German institutions to the project. This multidisciplinary research and education effort focuses on catalytic systems that are technologically important in the development of clean energy and energy conservation. Global energy and environmental challenges require international science and technology cooperation and this project takes advantage of the major roles the U.S. and China play in creating and using energy. This partnership brings together complementary expertise and diverse viewpoints and provides U.S. researchers and students with access to expertise, facilities, and instrumentation not available in the U.S. The project's research focus is modern heterogeneous catalysis with an emphasis on well-defined nanostructured materials as both catalysts and catalyst supports. Catalysis occurs when a substance, the catalyst, changes the rate of a chemical reaction; heterogeneous catalysis occurs when the catalysts chemical phase (solid, liquid, or gas) differs from that of the reactants. This project?s research will improve our fundamental understanding of catalyst structure, function, and activity. It will also unite nanoscience, catalysis, and photocatalysis approaches to explore phenomena with relevance to energy-related issues such as H2 production, CH4 utilization, biomass conversion and CO2 activation and sequestration. Specific research areas include: quantum dot antenna/photocatalysts for CO2 reduction, selective oxidation of hydrocarbons by supported and doped metal oxides, spontaneous formation of catalytic nanostructures, and nanoscale optical imaging and spectroscopy. The PIRE research team will also explore various types of catalyst supports, including oxide nanowires, mesoporous carbon and silica, as well as new gold and platinum complex catalysts. U.S. graduate students and postdoctoral researchers will participate in 3-6 month research visits to research laboratories in China. They will be trained in Chinese language and culture and will have opportunities to develop project management, communication, and mentoring skills, thus equipping them with the technical, cultural, and language tools to become effective research leaders. A lecture course in technology transfer, and its accompanying Technology Transfer Study Tour to national and multinational companies operating in China, will be expanded, addressing technology transfer in the U.S. and China, and giving students a working knowledge of Chinese industrial research and development (R&D) operations. The project will continue its yearly international workshops that bring together graduate students and postdoctoral researchers with domestic and international senior researchers and industrial leaders to exchange ideas about research directions, with the participation of both Chinese and German research partners. A new enhancement to the workshop will be a half-day seminar on ethics in international science, with a particular focus on how culture influences ethical decision-making. This project has potential for broad impact well beyond the individual researchers. At the national level, it embeds U.S. individuals and institutions within a research alliance that includes two strategically important countries, China and Germany. It also links U.S. students with collaborating scientists from two U.S. Department of Energy National Laboratories. At the institutional level, the funding for increased numbers of graduate students, post-doctoral researchers and research groups will bolster UCSB's catalysis/surface-science community and strengthen UCSB's role as a focal point for an innovative international research network. Industrial R&D is an increasingly globalized endeavor and career target for U.S. Ph.D. students, and this award will enable UCSB to attract more high-quality graduate students by providing access to international expertise, equipment, training, and networking opportunities. This project strengthens UCSB's institutional capacity to engage in international research and education partnerships via multiple mechanisms, including wide dissemination of lessons learned. In the original PIRE award, UCSB and DICP successfully negotiated a ground-breaking Intellectual Property Agreement, removing many barriers to collaboration and providing a template for other universities to cultivate research partnerships in China. The project will continue and expand its campus-wide activities, including a seminar series on U.S. - China socio-economic, policy, and scientific topics, and co-hosting events to promote awareness and interest in Chinese culture. UCSB will pilot the use of its AccessGrid video-conferencing classroom to internationalize PIRE-related courses and research activities, thus broadening the university's internationalization via the cyberinfrastructure. Finally, the project will bring Santa Barbara City College, a two-year college, with its expertise in the ethics of science and technology, into the international network.U.S. collaborating institutions include: University of California at Santa Barbara and Santa Barbara City College (CA), as well as U.S. Department of Energy's Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (WA) and Argonne National Laboratory (IL). Chinese collaborating institutions include: Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics - Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Dalian University of Technology, Xiamen University, Zhejiang University (Hangzhou), University of Science and Technology of China (Hefei), Tsinghua University (Beijing), Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics - CAS, and Fudan University (Shanghai). German collaborating institutions include: Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie (Göttingen) and Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft (Berlin).This project is cofunded by NSF's Office of International Science and Engineering and the Division of Chemistry.

该 PIRE 续签奖项扩大了对中美在化学、化学工程和材料科学领域开创性合作伙伴关系的支持，并在该项目中增加了更多的中国机构以及与两家德国机构的新联盟。这项多学科研究和教育工作重点关注在清洁能源和节能发展中具有重要技术意义的催化系统。全球能源和环境挑战需要国际科技合作，该项目利用了美国和中国在创造和使用能源方面发挥的主要作用。这种伙伴关系汇集了互补的专业知识和不同的观点，为美国研究人员和学生提供了美国所没有的专业知识、设施和仪器。该项目的研究重点是现代多相催化，重点是明确定义的纳米结构材料作为催化剂和催化剂载体。当某种物质（催化剂）改变化学反应的速率时，就会发生催化作用；当催化剂的化学相（固体、液体或气体）与反应物的化学相不同时，就会发生多相催化。该项目的研究将提高我们对催化剂结构、功能和活性的基本理解。它还将结合纳米科学、催化和光催化方法来探索与能源相关问题相关的现象，例如氢气生产、甲烷利用、生物质转化以及二氧化碳活化和封存。具体研究领域包括：用于二氧化碳还原的量子点天线/光催化剂、负载和掺杂金属氧化物对碳氢化合物的选择性氧化、催化纳米结构的自发形成以及纳米级光学成像和光谱学。 PIRE研究团队还将探索各种类型的催化剂载体，包括氧化物纳米线、介孔碳和二氧化硅，以及新型金和铂络合物催化剂。美国研究生和博士后研究人员将参加对中国研究实验室为期3-6个月的研究访问。他们将接受中国语言和文化培训，并将有机会发展项目管理、沟通和指导技能，从而为他们配备技术、文化和语言工具，成为有效的研究领导者。将扩大技术转让讲座课程及其附带的在中国运营的国内和跨国公司的技术转让考察之旅，讨论美国和中国的技术转让问题，并让学生了解中国工业研发（R＆D）运营的工作知识。 该项目将继续举办每年一度的国际研讨会，将研究生和博士后研究人员与国内外高级研究人员和行业领袖聚集在一起，在中国和德国研究合作伙伴的参与下，就研究方向交换意见。研讨会的一个新的增强功能将是为期半天的国际科学伦理研讨会，特别关注文化如何影响伦理决策。该项目的广泛影响力远远超出了个别研究人员的范围。在国家层面，它将美国个人和机构纳入一个研究联盟，该联盟包括中国和德国这两个具有重要战略意义的国家。它还将美国学生与来自美国能源部两个国家实验室的合作科学家联系起来。在机构层面，为增加研究生、博士后研究人员和研究小组提供的资金将支持 UCSB 的催化/表面科学界，并加强 UCSB 作为创新国际研究网络焦点的作用。工业研发是美国博士日益全球化的努力和职业目标。该奖项将使加州大学圣巴巴拉分校能够通过提供获得国际专业知识、设备、培训和网络机会来吸引更多高质量的研究生。该项目加强了加州大学圣巴巴拉分校通过多种机制参与国际研究和教育伙伴关系的机构能力，包括广泛传播经验教训。在最初的 PIRE 奖项中，UCSB 和 DICP 成功谈判达成了一项突破性的知识产权协议，消除了合作的许多障碍，并为其他大学在中国培养研究伙伴关系提供了模板。该项目将继续并扩大其校园范围内的活动，包括关于中美社会经济、政策和科学主题的系列研讨会，以及共同举办活动以提高对中国文化的认识和兴趣。 UCSB 将试点使用其 AccessGrid 视频会议教室来实现 PIRE 相关课程和研究活动的国际化，从而通过网络基础设施扩大大学的国际化程度。最后，该项目将把拥有科学技术伦理专业知识的两年制学院圣巴巴拉城市学院纳入国际网络。合作机构包括：加州大学圣巴巴拉分校和圣巴巴拉城市学院（CA），以及美国能源部太平洋西北国家实验室（WA）和阿贡国家实验室（IL）。中国合作机构包括：中国科学院大连化学物理研究所、大连理工大学、厦门大学、浙江大学（杭州）、中国科学技术大学（合肥）、清华大学（北京）、中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所和复旦大学（上海）。德国合作机构包括：马克斯普朗克生物物理化学研究所（哥廷根）和弗里茨哈伯研究所（柏林）。该项目由美国国家科学基金会国际科学与工程办公室和化学部共同资助。