Nonlinear Chemical Dynamics

非线性化学动力学

• 批准号: 1012428
• 负责人: Irving Epstein
• 金额: $ 53.6万
• 依托单位: Brandeis University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1012428&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Nonlinear; Chemical; Dynamics

Irving Epstein of Brandeis University is supported by the Chemical Structure, Dynamics and Mechanisms Program for experimental and theoretical investigations in nonlinear chemical dynamics aimed at creating and understanding new systems and structures and exploring new mechanisms involving pattern formation in reaction-diffusion systems. One system to be studied is the oscillatory Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction in emulsions consisting of aqueous droplets containing the BZ reactants surrounded by a monolayer of surfactant and suspended in oil. Experiments will be performed with droplets ranging in size from 10 nanometers to 300 micrometers. By studying patterns in one, two and three spatial dimensions, Epstein and his student and postdoctoral collaborators seek to develop novel devices such as a "chemical cellular automaton" and a configuration capable of "learning" frequencies. Experiments on these systems will be linked to numerical simulations with realistic but relatively simple mathematical models. The phenomena to be investigated here have potential applications to medicine, catalysis, materials science and information processing. Oscillating reactions and patterns formation have an aesthetic appeal that makes them ideal for lecture demonstrations and presentations that attract students into chemistry. Undergraduates, graduate students and postdoctoral fellows participating in this research have the opportunity to work in collaborating laboratories in Hungary and Poland. Professor Epstein has been active in presenting nonlinear chemical dynamics to a wide range of scientific and lay audiences and in sharing his scientific expertise with groups as diverse as elementary school students, judges, members of Congress, and university boards of trustees. He is currently directing a project, the "Science Posse", a new approach to increasing the recruitment and retention of under-represented minorities and economically disadvantaged students in the sciences.

布兰代斯大学的欧文·爱泼斯坦（Irving Epstein）得到了化学结构、动力学和机制项目的支持，从事非线性化学动力学的实验和理论研究，旨在创造和理解新的系统和结构，探索涉及反应扩散系统中模式形成的新机制。要研究的一个体系是振荡的Belousov-Zhabotinsky （BZ）反应，该反应在乳状液中由含有BZ反应物的水滴组成，被单层表面活性剂包围，悬浮在油中。实验将在10纳米到300微米大小的液滴上进行。通过研究一维、二维和三维空间的模式，爱泼斯坦和他的学生及博士后合作者试图开发新的设备，如“化学细胞自动机”和一种能够“学习”频率的配置。这些系统的实验将与具有现实但相对简单的数学模型的数值模拟联系起来。这里所研究的现象在医学、催化、材料科学和信息处理方面具有潜在的应用前景。振荡反应和模式形成具有美学吸引力，使它们成为讲座演示和演示的理想选择，吸引学生进入化学领域。参与本研究的本科生、研究生和博士后有机会到匈牙利和波兰的合作实验室工作。爱泼斯坦教授一直积极向广泛的科学和非专业观众介绍非线性化学动力学，并与小学生、法官、国会议员和大学董事会等不同群体分享他的科学专业知识。他目前正在指导一个名为“Science Posse”的项目，这是一种新方法，旨在增加在科学领域招募和留住代表性不足的少数民族和经济条件不利的学生。