Chemical Connectomics: Nonlinear Dynamics of Electrochemical Reaction Networks

化学系化学结构、动力学和机理(CSDM-A)项目获得该奖项，资助圣路易斯大学的Istvan Z.Kiss教授研究由电化学设备(例如传感器和电池)的动态环境施加在网络上的复杂的、远离平衡的电荷转移化学反应。远离平衡体系的组织原理的确定和实验表征在物理、化学和生物体系中有着广泛的应用。这项研究与原电池和电解槽的工业应用需求有关。振荡电化学介质测试了在癫痫发作的昼夜节律和超同步神经放电中具有重要意义的同步和网络动力学理论。该项目包括针对初中生、高中生、大学生和普通公众的外展活动，通过“非线性角”，传达非线性科学的新科学概念，以及非生物系统复杂、智能行为的出现。Istvan Kiss教授和他的研究小组基于分析化学中的基本科学问题，利用多电极、电池和电解槽的设计细节以及能量分配网络，提出了三个具体目标：(1)检验多电极微流控电池中涌现的电化学网络可以描述复杂动态现象的假设，(2)探索阴阳极多电极中的自组织时空行为，以及(3)探索在由电阻界面促进的设计网络上发生的电化学反应的模式形成。多功能应急网络和工程化网络的构建为化学反应的发生提供了新的几何空间。网络拓扑的提取有助于建立化学连接学，这是一门研究动态环境中连接反应的科学。

With this award, the Chemical Structure, Dynamics and Mechanisms (CSDM-A) Program of the Division of Chemistry is funding Professor Istvan Z. Kiss of Saint Louis University to investigate complex, far-from-equilibrium charge transfer chemical reactions that take place on networks imposed by dynamic environments of electrochemical devices (e.g., sensors and batteries). The identification of organizing principles and experimental characterization of far-from-equilibrium systems have broad applications in physical, chemical, and biological systems. The investigation is relevant to needs of industrial applications of galvanic and electrolytic cells. The oscillatory electrochemical media test theories on synchronization and network dynamics that have importance in circadian rhythms and hypersynchronous neural discharges in epileptic seizures. The project includes outreach activities aimed at middle school, high school and college students and the general public through the "Nonlinear Corner," and conveys novel scientific notions of nonlinear science and the emergence of complex, intelligent behavior of abiotic systems. Professor Istvan Kiss and his research group address three specific aims that are based on fundamental scientific problems in analytical chemistry utilizing multi-electrodes, design specifics of batteries and electrolysis cells, and energy distribution networks: (1) Test the hypothesis that emergent electrochemical networks in multi-electrode microfluidic flow cells can describe the complex dynamical phenomena, (2) explore self-organized spatio-temporal behavior in cathode-anode multi-electrodes, and (3) explore the pattern formation of electrochemical reactions that take place on a designed network facilitated by a resistance interface. The construction of versatile emergent and engineered networks provides a new geometrical space for the chemical reactions to take place. The extraction of network topology contributes to the establishment of Chemical Connectomics, the science of connected reactions in dynamic environments.