The role of biotic interactions in determining phenotypic and genotypic variation in metal hyperaccumulation and hypertolerance in two model Brassicaceae species

生物相互作用在决定两种十字花科模型金属超积累和超耐受表型和基因型变异中的作用

• 批准号: 197737201
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Katja Tielbörger
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Arbeitsgruppe Chemische Ökologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2010-12-31 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/197737201?language=en
• 关键词: role; biotic; interactions; determining; phenotypic

Metal hyperaccumulation and metal hypertolerance (mh) are common traits in many Brassicaceae species. However, neither its ecological consequences nor the role of ecological interactions on natural trait variation have been studied. Here, we focus on two genetic model species (Arabidopsis halleri, Noccaea caerulescens) to study the causes and consequences of natural variation in this trait with a special focus on the role of negative and positive plant-plant interactions. To that end, we combine field and greenhouse studies, high-end molecular tools, quantitative genetics and experimental approaches of community ecology. In phase 1, we investigated the idea that a trade-off between competitive ability and stress tolerance exists in this system, affecting the performance of individual plants and determining the extent of genetic and phenotypic variation. We hypothesized that facilitation in populations and communities with metal accumulating plants will enable coexistence of different genotypes within the populations, especially under stressful conditions, i.e on soils with high content of heavy metals. Our field results and the first measurements from the competition experiments provide initial support for this hypothesis. In phase 2, we propose to expand our efforts to embrace the entire range of positive and negative interactions in our two model species. Particularly, we propose to explore the potentially contrasting outcomes of mh in plant-plant interactions under different environments, namely facilitation due to phytoremediation vs. elemental allelopathy due to phytoenrichment. Additionally, we propose to investigate several aspects of cooperative interactions in A. halleri, whose clonal propagation is likely to play a key role in mh, and we will contrast this with the patterns found in the second, non-clonal species. We will also investigate plant-herbivore interactions and their potential effect on mh levels within clonal vs. non-clonal plants. Finally, we will obtain estimates of heritability of mh in N. caerulescens. Our overall findings from both project phases will enable us to evaluate the role of phenotypic and genetic variation in mh for biotic interactions in natural habitats, and vice-versa, to determine the importance of such interactions in driving intra- and interspecific variation in metal hyperaccumulation and -tolerance.

金属超积累和金属超耐性是许多菊科植物的共同特征。然而，无论是它的生态后果，也没有自然性状变异的生态相互作用的作用进行了研究。在这里，我们专注于两个遗传模式物种（拟南芥，Nabriea caerulescens）研究的原因和后果的自然变化，在这一特性的一个特别关注的作用，积极和消极的植物-植物的相互作用。为此，我们结合联合收割机领域和温室研究，高端分子工具，数量遗传学和社区生态学的实验方法。在第1阶段，我们调查的想法，竞争能力和胁迫耐受性之间的权衡存在于这个系统中，影响个体植物的表现，并确定遗传和表型变异的程度。我们假设，在种群和社区的金属积累植物的促进将使种群内的不同基因型的共存，特别是在压力条件下，即土壤中的重金属含量高。我们的现场结果和竞争实验的第一次测量结果为这一假设提供了初步支持。在第二阶段，我们建议扩大我们的努力，以涵盖我们的两个模型物种的积极和消极的相互作用的整个范围。特别是，我们建议探索潜在的对比结果的mh在植物-植物相互作用在不同的环境下，即由于植物修复与元素化感作用由于植物富集的促进。此外，我们建议调查合作互动的几个方面，在A。halleri，其克隆繁殖可能在mh中起关键作用，我们将将其与第二个非克隆物种中发现的模式进行对比。我们也将探讨植物与食草动物的相互作用，以及它们对无性系与非无性系植物体内的氢分子水平的潜在影响。最后，我们将得到N中mh的遗传力估计。青色的我们从两个项目阶段的总体研究结果将使我们能够评估在自然栖息地的生物相互作用的mh的表型和遗传变异的作用，反之亦然，以确定这种相互作用的重要性，在驱动内和种间变异的金属超积累和耐。