Identity of the neurotransmitter at a fast chemical synapse in a cnidarian

刺胞动物快速化学突触神经递质的身份

• 批准号: 1021769
• 负责人: Peter A. V. Anderson
• 金额: $ 52.73万
• 依托单位: University of Florida
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-01 至 2014-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1021769&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Identity; neurotransmitter; fast; chemical; synapse

Members of the Phylum Cnidaria (sea anemones, corals, jellyfish) represent one of the earliest groups of animals to possess a nervous system. As such, they provide a baseline from which to track the evolution of nervous systems as a whole, and of the molecular building blocks of the nervous system. Despite considerable knowledge about the capabilities of the nervous systems of these animals, very little is known about one of the most fundamental aspects of the neurobiology of these animals, specifically the identity of the neurotransmitters used by these animals at the fast chemical synapses that are so prevalent in their nervous systems. To address this question the researchers will employ a combination of electrophysiological and cell and molecular biological techniques to identify the neurotransmitter at synapses within the nervous system of the jellyfish Cyanea capillata. This project will contribute enormously to understanding of nervous system evolution and will provide important information about the evolutionary lineages of the neurotransmitters used by higher nervous systems, including that of humans. The broader impacts of this project promise to be considerable inasmuch as undergraduates participating in the Whitney Laboratory's REU program will be included in the work. Furthermore, the Whitney Laboratory has an extensive program of educational outreach to diverse sectors of the local community, including grade schools. The results from this project will be conveyed to these audiences by displays and other forms of communication, thereby contributing to their training and their appreciation and understanding of science.

海葵门(海葵、珊瑚、水母)的成员代表了最早拥有神经系统的动物群体之一。因此，它们提供了一个基线，从这个基线来跟踪神经系统的整体进化，以及神经系统的分子构件的进化。尽管对这些动物神经系统的能力有相当多的了解，但对这些动物神经生物学最基本的方面之一，特别是这些动物在神经系统中普遍存在的快速化学突触中使用的神经递质的身份，知之甚少。为了解决这个问题，研究人员将使用电生理学和细胞分子生物学技术相结合的方法来识别毛细血管海蜇神经系统内突触的神经递质。该项目将对了解神经系统进化做出巨大贡献，并将提供有关高等神经系统(包括人类)所使用的神经递质进化谱系的重要信息。由于参加惠特尼实验室REU计划的本科生将被包括在这项工作中，这个项目的更广泛的影响有望是相当大的。此外，惠特尼实验室有一个广泛的教育推广计划，涉及当地社区的不同部门，包括小学。该项目的成果将通过展示和其他形式的交流向这些观众传达，从而有助于他们的培训以及他们对科学的欣赏和理解。