VOSS: Building Shared Leadership to Strengthen Virtual Team Effectiveness

VOSS：建立共享领导力以增强虚拟团队效率

• 批准号: 1025749
• 负责人: Kathryn Bartol
• 金额: $ 39.9万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland, College Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1025749&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: VOSS; Building; Shared; Leadership; Strengthen

The connection between shared or distributed leadership and virtual team effectiveness is growing more important as complex world issues increasingly require distributed collaboration. Organizational researchers lack an understanding of the causes and consequences of the distribution of influence across team members in distributed virtual teams. Taking a multidisciplinary approach, this research investigates shared leadership within the sociotechnical paradigm, integrating perspectives from shared leadership, empowerment, group process, and media choice theories. This research examines a set of antecedents and outcomes of shared leadership in virtual tams, combining a pair of controlled lab studies with a field study to look at generalizability of the principles learned from the lab studies. These three studies systematically examine the combined effects of communication medium, initiating mechanisms, group processes and structure on team effectiveness. The first study manipulates introductory meeting communication medium and the use of initiating mechanisms (such as goal clarification) to identify their impact on shared leadership among team members engaged in a sophisticated decision making simulation. This study traces the development of group processes and shared leadership over the course of the simulation and their impact on team knowledge sharing, performance, and viability. A second lab study evaluates the extent to which empowering (versus directive) leadership by an appointed leader enables shared leadership among virtual team members, particularly within the context of initiating mechanisms. A third field study assesses the influence of distributed expertise and extent of geographical dispersion on shared leadership patterns to evaluate the impact of shared leadership on team effectiveness among intact organizational virtual teams. These findings will contribute to knowledge concerning how virtual team leadership, processes and structure interact with computer and communication support technology to affect team performance. Organizations are increasingly relying upon virtual teams and the results of this research will have a broad impact on the scientists, engineers, managers, members of the workforce, and students engaged in these activities. This project will provide evidence-based guidelines for organizing, managing, and working in virtual teams. It will enhance practitioners' understanding of the form(s) of leadership best suited for particular types of virtual teams and the corresponding processes and structures required for effective performance. Research results will be integrated into undergraduate and graduate curriculum and made available through alumni workshops. In addition, the project will contribute directly to the education of three graduate students and two undergraduate students by providing a high quality research experience. The results of this research can inform the policy makers and technical developers who shape collaborative infrastructure, incentives, and processes enabling more effective virtual teams and enhancing innovation and competitiveness.

随着复杂的世界问题越来越需要分布式协作，共享或分布式领导力与虚拟团队效率之间的联系变得越来越重要。 组织研究人员缺乏对分布式虚拟团队中团队成员之间影响力分配的原因和后果的了解。本研究以多学科的方法，探讨社会技术范式下的共享领导，整合共享领导，授权，群体过程和媒体选择理论的观点。本研究探讨虚拟团队成员共同领导的前因与结果，并结合一对控制实验室研究与一场实地研究，探讨实验室研究中所学到的原则的普遍性。 这三项研究系统地考察了沟通媒介、启动机制、团队过程和团队结构对团队效能的综合影响。第一项研究操纵介绍性会议的沟通媒介和使用的启动机制（如目标澄清），以确定其对参与复杂的决策模拟团队成员之间的共同领导的影响。本研究跟踪小组的过程和共享的领导过程中的模拟和团队知识共享，绩效和可行性的影响的发展。 第二个实验室的研究评估授权（与指令）领导的程度，由一个指定的领导者，使虚拟团队成员之间的共享领导，特别是在启动机制的背景下。第三个实地研究评估的影响，分布式的专业知识和地理分散的程度上共享的领导模式，以评估完整的组织虚拟团队之间的团队效能的影响，共享的领导。 这些研究结果将有助于了解虚拟团队领导，流程和结构如何与计算机和通信支持技术相互作用，影响团队绩效。组织越来越多地依赖于虚拟团队，这项研究的结果将对科学家，工程师，管理人员，劳动力成员和从事这些活动的学生产生广泛的影响。该项目将为虚拟团队的组织、管理和工作提供循证指南。它将提高从业者对最适合特定类型虚拟团队的领导形式以及有效绩效所需的相应流程和结构的理解。研究成果将整合到本科生和研究生课程中，并通过校友研讨会提供。 此外，该项目将通过提供高质量的研究经验，直接促进三名研究生和两名本科生的教育。这项研究的结果可以为政策制定者和技术开发人员提供信息，他们可以塑造协作基础设施、激励机制和流程，从而实现更有效的虚拟团队，提高创新能力和竞争力。