CPS: Medium: Collaborative Research: Architecture and Distributed Management for Reliable Mega-scale Smart Grids

摘要（NSF 1035906）：本研究的目的是为智能电网建立一个基础框架，使可再生der的显著渗透和促进即插即用应用的灵活部署，类似于用户连接到互联网的方式。该方法将整个网格管理视为一个自适应优化器，迭代地解决系统范围的优化问题，其中网络化的传感、控制和验证执行分布式计算任务，以实现所有级别的可靠性，特别是组件级、系统级和应用级。知识价值。在可靠性保证的共同主题下，将开发分布式监测和推理算法来进行故障诊断并针对所有危险进行弹性运行。为了获得高可靠性，在通过消息传递和事务向网格应用程序提供服务的同时，将使用可信赖的中间件来保护网格系统设计免受底层软件世界的复杂性的影响。利用基于能源供需多尺度状态估计的自动发电控制技术进行选择性负荷/发电控制，保证系统负荷与发电量保持平衡。更广泛的影响。设想中的智能电网架构是CPS技术的一个突出例子。在这一关键应用研究的基础上，这项合作努力将追求一种CPS架构，该架构能够将智能计算、通信和控制机制嵌入到具有活动和可重构组件的物理系统中。该团队与主要EMS和SCADA供应商之间的密切合作将通过概念验证演示为技术转让铺平道路。

Abstract Abstract (NSF 1035906): The objective of this research is to establish a foundational framework for smart grids that enables significant penetration of renewable DERs and facilitates flexible deployments of plug-and-play applications, similar to the way users connect to the Internet. The approach is to view the overall grid management as an adaptive optimizer to iteratively solve a system-wide optimization problem, where networked sensing, control and verification carry out distributed computation tasks to achieve reliability at all levels, particularly component-level, system-level, and application level. Intellectual merit. Under the common theme of reliability guarantees, distributed monitoring and inference algorithms will be developed to perform fault diagnosis and operate resiliently against all hazards. To attain high reliability, a trustworthy middleware will be used to shield the grid system design from the complexities of the underlying software world while providing services to grid applications through message passing and transactions. Further, selective load/generation control using Automatic Generation Control, based on multi-scale state estimation for energy supply and demand, will be carried out to guarantee that the load and generation in the system remain balanced. Broader impact. The envisioned architecture of the smart grid is an outstanding example of the CPS technology. Built on this critical application study, this collaborative effort will pursue a CPS architecture that enables embedding intelligent computation, communication and control mechanisms into physical systems with active and reconfigurable components. Close collaborations between this team and major EMS and SCADA vendors will pave the path for technology transfer via proof-of-concept demonstrations.