Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Maya Luxury Goods at Contact: Transformation of Value in a Hybrid Economy

在Timothy W. Pugh博士的监督下，Yuko Shiratori将调查接触前奢侈品的分布，以研究接触时期（公元1525-1697年）在危地马拉petsamen湖区的几个地点的土著贸易和传统价值观的变化。Shiratori将检查由蒂莫西·普（Timothy Pugh）领导的proyeecto Arqueológico Tayasal在塔亚萨尔（Tayasal）找到的文物，塔亚萨尔位于佩特海姆伊茨<e:1>湖半岛东部边缘的遗址，以及最近发掘的弗洛雷斯（Flores），它坐落在湖中的一个岛屿上。弗洛雷斯曾经是伊察玛雅人的首都，但在接触时期的后古典时期，该遗址在很大程度上受到了现代城市的干扰。塔亚萨尔包含了从后古典时期到殖民时期最重要的伊察核心定居点遗址。结合历史和考古证据将阐明影响内陆玛雅社会的文化变迁过程。本研究聚焦于不同社会、政治和经济需求下客体价值的转变，为在文化接触的长期基础上考察文化变迁与世界经济的交集提供了重要的机会。最近关于接触时文化变化后果的理论辩论强调了价值体系破坏所涉及的过程。该项目将有助于了解世界各地的文化变迁，特别是在历史文献和考古数据的框架内的转型、抵抗和殖民过程。此次研究将揭示在欧洲陶瓷、金属、玻璃传入之前一直享有盛誉的本土材料。从后古典到接触时期，传统奢侈品的价值随着社会、经济和政治的需求而改变。采用历时法测量奢侈品价值，本研究将揭示接触情境中价值建构与解构的细节。此外，本研究将文化变迁与物质对象联系起来，有助于近代关于接触时期世界体系经济的理论讨论。通过重建奢侈品在礼仪区和住宅区的分布，该项目将检验奢侈品在社会、政治和家庭环境中出现的频率程度；从而阐明了它们的限制程度。拟议的项目将使当地的佩特海姆中央大学（CUDEP）的危地马拉考古学学生受益。它将为这些学生提供一个机会，让他们接受考古实验方法的培训，并了解他们的文化历史。在更广泛的层面上，该项目将通过基于网络的公共数据库向公众提供可用的数据。这些数据的可用性将对更广泛的受众产生广泛的影响，特别是研究全球文化接触的学者。

Under the supervision of Dr. Timothy W. Pugh, Yuko Shiratori will investigate distributions of pre-Contact luxury items in order to examine changes in indigenous trade and traditional values during the Contact period (A.D. 1525-1697) at several sites in the Petén lakes region of Guatemala. Shiratori will examine artifacts recovered by Proyecto Arqueológico Tayasal, directed by Timothy Pugh, at Tayasal, a site on the eastern edge of a peninsula in Lake Petén Itzá, and from recently excavated Flores, which rests on an island in the lake. Flores was once the capital of the Itza Maya, but the Postclassic through Contact period occupation of the site has been largely disturbed by the modern city. Tayasal contains the most substantial extant in situ remains of a core Itza settlement from the Postclassic through the Colonial period. Combining historical and archaeological evidence will illuminate the processes of culture change that affected the inland Maya societies.This research focuses on the transformation of values of objects under different social, political, and economic demands, providing a significant opportunity to examine the intersection between culture change and world economy at culture contact on a long-term basis. Recent theoretical debates on the consequences of the culture change at contact emphasize the processes involved in the disruption of value systems. This project will contribute to the general understanding of culture change around the world, especially the processes of transformation, resistance, and colonization within the framework of both historical documents and archaeological data. This research will shed light on indigenous materials that were prestigious until the introduction of European ceramics, metal, and glass. The values of traditional luxury objects were changed by the social, economic, and political demand from the Postclassic through the Contact period. Employing a diachronic approach in measuring values of luxury goods, this study will reveal details about the construction and deconstruction of value in situations of contact. Moreover, this research will contribute to the recent theoretical discussions on world-system economy during the contact period by contextualizing cultural change with material objects. By reconstructing the distribution of luxury goods in ceremonial and residential areas, this project will examine the degree of frequencies that luxury goods occurred in social, political, and domestic contexts; thereby, illuminating their degree of restrictiveness.The proposed project will benefit Guatemalan archaeology students at the local university of Centro Universitario de El Petén (CUDEP). It will provide an opportunity for these students to be trained in laboratory methods in archaeology and to learn about their culture history. At the broader level, this project will provide data available to the public through a web-based public database. The availability of these data will have a broad impact on a wider audience, particularly scholars who study culture contact around the globe.