Evaluation of Nanoparticle Behavior During Transitions from Engineered to Natural Systems

从工程系统向自然系统过渡期间纳米粒子行为的评估

• 批准号: 1057633
• 负责人: Olin Mefford
• 金额: $ 52.5万
• 依托单位: Clemson University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-15 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1057633&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Evaluation; Nanoparticle; Behavior; During; Transitions

Increasing concern over the use of nanomaterials in an expanding variety of consumer products requires a frank assessment of the potential risk to human and environmental health. Typical risk assessment scenarios require an understanding of 1) the source of the hazard, 2) transport in either natural or engineered systems resulting in 3) exposure of a receptor. This research award will focus on the these three components of this assessment. Characterization and quantification of physical/chemical changes in nanoparticles when transferred from engineered to natural systems will be achieved using a series of unique experimental procedures to observe rates and extent of ligand exchange, changes in particle morphology, and transport through subsurface media.The objective of this research to define the potential source term of nanoparticles in natural systems to be used in a quantitative risk assessment. This will be achieved by quantifying the rate and extent of physical and chemical changes in nanoparticles during transitions from engineered to natural systems (e.g. nanoparticle behavior when released into natural waters). Research results can be used to inform risk analysis by identifying the nanoparticles likely to be mobile in natural environments and biologically available in natural waters. As part of the broader impact of this work, the researchers will create an Undergraduate Creative Inquiry (UCI) research group at Clemson. UCI is a Clemson wide focus on team-based undergraduate research that transcends both class and discipline. The researchers will recruit motivated undergraduate students from all disciplines, especially those in the PI?s departments of Environmental Engineering and Earth Science, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Material Science and Engineering to target a group of eight students at different stages in their education with priority given to women and minority students. The goals of the UCI group will be to initially perform an exhaustive literature search on all published literature pertaining to the toxicity and hazards associated with different classes of nanomaterials, as well as the transport and routes of potential exposure. This data will be critically evaluated and classified based on the chemical and morphological properties of the nanomaterials.

人们越来越关注纳米材料在日益丰富的消费品中的使用，因此需要对纳米材料对人类和环境健康的潜在风险进行坦率的评估。典型的风险评估场景需要了解 1) 危害源，2) 在自然或工程系统中的运输导致 3) 受体暴露。该研究奖将重点关注本次评估的这三个组成部分。当纳米颗粒从工程系统转移到自然系统时，其物理/化学变化的表征和量化将通过一系列独特的实验程序来实现，以观察配体交换的速率和程度、颗粒形态的变化以及通过地下介质的传输。本研究的目的是定义自然系统中纳米颗粒的潜在源项，用于定量风险评估。这将通过量化从工程系统到自然系统过渡过程中纳米颗粒物理和化学变化的速率和程度（例如纳米颗粒释放到天然水中时的行为）来实现。研究结果可用于通过识别可能在自然环境中移动和在天然水中生物可用的纳米颗粒来为风险分析提供信息。作为这项工作更广泛影响的一部分，研究人员将在克莱姆森大学创建一个本科生创意探究（UCI）研究小组。 UCI 是克莱姆森大学重点关注超越阶级和学科的基于团队的本科生研究。研究人员将从各个学科招募积极进取的本科生，特别是环境工程和地球科学、化学和生物分子工程以及材料科学与工程等PI系的学生，以八名处于不同教育阶段的学生为目标，优先考虑女性和少数民族学生。 UCI 小组的目标是首先对所有已发表的有关不同类别纳米材料的毒性和危害以及潜在暴露的运输和途径的文献进行详尽的文献检索。这些数据将根据纳米材料的化学和形态特性进行严格评估和分类。