From Decision Theory to Personality Based Decision Theory

从决策理论到基于人格的决策理论

• 批准号: 1061817
• 负责人: Aldo Rustichini
• 金额: $ 67.92万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-04-01 至 2015-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1061817&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Decision; Theory; Personality; Based

In this research, the PIs plan to develop a new theory of human economic and strategic decision making and behavior, to test it experimentally, and to investigate the neural and genetic basis of the factors identified in the model. The approach involves unifying two different theoretical views of human behavior. One view, derived from Personality Theory, involves what are known as the "big five" -- five major dimensions of personality shown to influence behavior. The second view, derived from Decision Theory, is that economic behavior is determined by attitudes toward uncertainty and attitudes regarding allocations of rewards and penalties over time. Aggregating the two theories produces an ad hoc model of human nature with seven parameters or more. Preliminary data show that this increases our ability to predict behavior substantially. The research will further explore the predictive power of the model and relate the traits derived from personality and decision theory to their neural and genetic underpinnings. In terms of broader impacts, this research will contribute to both our ability to predict individual behaviors in given contexts and tailor interventions to modify behaviors in circumstances were this is desirable.

在这项研究中，PI计划开发一种新的人类经济和战略决策和行为理论，通过实验对其进行测试，并研究模型中确定的因素的神经和遗传基础。这种方法涉及到统一人类行为的两种不同的理论观点。一种观点来自人格理论，涉及所谓的“五大”--人格的五个主要方面，这些方面会影响行为。 第二种观点来自决策理论，认为经济行为是由对不确定性的态度以及对长期奖惩分配的态度决定的。将这两种理论结合起来，就产生了一个具有七个或更多参数的关于人性的特设模型。初步数据显示，这大大提高了我们预测行为的能力。该研究将进一步探索该模型的预测能力，并将来自人格和决策理论的特征与其神经和遗传基础联系起来。 就更广泛的影响而言，这项研究将有助于我们在特定环境中预测个人行为的能力，并在需要的情况下调整干预措施以改变行为。