Rules based policies, and Intelligence in Strategic Behavior

摘要：基于规则的策略与战略行为中的智力研究表明，决策，特别是在涉及战略互动的情况下，随着智力水平、偏好和个性的不同而变化。然而，没有一个理论框架来组织这些差异。这个研究项目将使用实验方法来发展和测试策略推理和行为的认知理论。这项研究将结合几个研究领域的见解，发展一个基于规则的理论，解释智力在战略决策中的作用。最终的理论将在实验中进行测试，包括在战略决策过程中大脑功能的fMRI数据。理解智力如何影响战略和社会行为是政策指导的重要输入，特别是在教育方面。有令人信服的证据表明，认知技能会影响个人在工作和学校中的表现，但更广泛地说，也会影响他们在社会中的行为、合作、决定遵守规范以及寻求合作行为的方式。了解这些结果中有多少可以通过适当的教育政策来改变，不仅可以提高个人表现，还可以对建立一个有凝聚力和可持续发展的社会产生实质性的积极影响。本研究将为一个合理的、描述性的、认知的策略推理和行为模型提供基础，并对其进行实验验证。这个模型是理解智力如何在社会互动中影响个体行为的重要的第一步，特别是在重复的互动中。该研究将结合理论（来自博弈论、认知心理学、复杂性理论和神经网络等多个学科）和实验方法，使用行为和功能成像工具。从学术研究的角度来看，与博弈论的现有文献相比，本研究的预测将构成一种创新，即使是在描述更准确的推理模型（如自动机理论）方面。这些预测也将是认知心理学中关于规则的专业研究方面的重要创新，例如，因为目前研究的规则是由受试者产生的，而不是由实验者分配的。了解智力如何影响战略和社会行为，将为政策，特别是教育政策提供指导。了解适当的教育政策可以改变多少影响，将对建立一个可持续的、有凝聚力的社会产生实质性和积极的影响。

Award Abstract: Rules based Policies, and Intelligence in Strategic Behavior Studies show that decision making, especially in situations involving strategic interaction, varies with the level of intelligence, preferences, and personality. However, there is no theoretical framework to organize these differences. This research project will use experimental methods to develop and test a cognitive theory of strategic reasoning and behavior. This research will combine insights from several fields of study to develop a rules-based theory that explains the role of intelligence in strategic decision making. The resulting theory will be tested experimentally to include fMRI data on brain functioning during strategic decision making. Understanding how intelligence affects strategic and thus, social behavior is essential input to policy guidance, especially in education. There is convincing evidence that cognitive skills affect how individuals perform on the job, in schools, but also more broadly how they behave in society, cooperate, decide to follow norms, and look for cooperative behavior. Understanding how much of these outcomes can be modified through appropriate educational policies will not only improve individual performance but will also have a substantial and positive effect on building a cohesive and sustainable society.This research will provide the foundation for a plausible, descriptive, cognitive model of strategic reasoning and behavior, and test it experimentally. This model is an essential first step to understanding how Intelligence affects behavior of individuals in social interactions, particularly in repeated interactions. The research will combine theory (derived from multiple disciplines such as game theory, cognitive psychology, complexity theory and neural networks) and experimental methods, using both behavioral and functional imaging tools. From academic research point of view, the predictions of this research will constitute an innovation compared to existing literature in Game Theory, even with respect to more descriptively accurate models of reasoning such as automata theories. The predictions will also be important innovations with respect to specialized research in Cognitive Psychology on rules, for example, because the rules currently studied are produced by the subject, rather than assigned by the experimenter. Understanding how Intelligence affects strategic and thus social behavior will offer guidance to policy, particularly education policy. Understanding how much of the effect can be modified by appropriate education policies will have a substantial and positive effect on building a sustainable, cohesive society.