Principles based modeling of costs of integrating intermittent renewable generation

本研究的目的是了解间歇性可再生能源的整合和建模。 这项研究的目的是系统地了解成本，由于增加辅助服务的要求和传输，以及大规模整合的好处。 方法是既考虑短期经营，又考虑长期资本扩张。 短期建模包括考虑满足北美可靠性公司（NERC）频率控制标准所需的辅助服务量。 分析将通过建模风力发电作为一个随机过程，并使用相对于自动发电控制的控制性能的可再生能源的水平的敏感性分析。 长期建模增强了经典的筛选曲线分析，以代表大量辅助服务和增加transmission.Intellectual MeritThe研究的智力价值的需要的资本和运营成本的影响是，它将更现实地代表问题比现有的可再生能源整合研究，并且还将设法避免基于完全生产成本模拟的数据密集和计算密集的方法。 这项工作将开发筛选工具，这将有助于估计成本和政策分析，并提供定性的见解重要issues.Broader ImpactThe工作提出这里将有更广泛的影响，使基于原则的分析最经济的方式来减少温室气体排放，考虑到可再生能源发电资产的整合的全面影响。 这种理解将为发电资源组合的成本效益投资提供信息，以减少总体温室气体排放。

The objective of this research is to understand and model integration of intermittent renewables. The research is aimed at systematically understanding the costs, due to increased Ancillary Services requirements and transmission, and benefits of large-scale integration. The approach is to consider both short-term operations and long-term capital expansion. The short-term modeling involves the consideration of the amount of Ancillary Services necessary to satisfy North American Reliability Corporation (NERC) standards for frequency control. The analysis will be accomplished through modeling wind power production as a stochastic process and using a sensitivity analysis with respect to the level of renewables of the control performance of automatic generation control. The long-term modeling augments classical screening curve analysis to represent the capital and operating costs implications of the need for large amounts of Ancillary Services and increased transmission.Intellectual MeritThe intellectual merit of the research is that it will more realistically represent issues than in existing renewable integration studies, and will also seek to avoid data intensive and computationally intensive approaches based on full production cost simulation. The work will develop screening tools that will be useful to estimate costs and for policy analysis, and provide qualitative insights into important issues.Broader ImpactThe work proposed here will have the broader impact of enabling principles-based analysis of the most economic ways to reduce greenhouse emissions, considering the full implications of integration of renewable generation assets. This understanding will inform cost-effective investment in a portfolio of generation resources to reduce overall greenhouse emissions.