CCSS-CPS: Collaborative: If Bridges can talk: Towards Autonomous Structure Health Monitoring for Civil Structure

该研究的目标是开发完全自主的结构健康监测(SHM)系统，该系统由有机集成在结构内的传感器组成，没有导线和外部电源。该方法的核心是基于多功能压电换能器的智能集料，它可以将环境能量转换为电能，调制用于通信的应力波上的有用信息，并产生和接收用于检测结构缺陷的应力波。从智力上讲，该项目将通过以下几个方面促进关于混凝土管道通信的知识：i)在不同负载条件下“智能集料”收发机和混凝土通道的测量驱动特性，以及ii)混凝土通道中声波通信的调制方案设计。该项目旨在通过以下方式开发一个整体的系统解决方案：i)结合低功耗电路开发能量收集和存储模块，以及ii)设计和评估能源感知任务调度。我们以系统为基础的研究整合了硬件、算法和架构方面的创新研究，以支持下一代网络系统。它还整合了现实生活中的基础设施建设、通信系统和网络方面的教育活动。在短期内，为通信和能量收集开发的基本构建块可以帮助扩展现有的基于无线的电池供电系统，使这些系统具有更高的容错性和能效。从长远来看，随着技术的成熟，项目成果可以推动完全自主的SHM系统的广泛集成，从而改善公共安全并降低维护成本。

The objective of the research is to develop fully autonomous Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) system consisting of sensors organically integrated within the structure, free of wire leads and external power sources. Central to the proposed approach are the multi-functional piezoelectric transducer-based smart aggregates, which can transform ambient energy to electricity power, modulate useful information on stress waves for communication, and generate and receive stress waves for detection of structural defects.Intellectually, the project will advance the knowledge regarding communication over concrete conduits through: i) Measurement-driven characterization of "smart aggregates" transceivers and concrete channels under different loading conditions, and ii) Design of modulation schemes for acoustic communications in concrete channels. The project aims to develop a holistic system solution through: i) the development of energy harvesting and storage modules, in conjunction with low-power circuits, and ii) Design and evaluation of energy-aware task scheduling.The proposed research is expected to generate far-reaching broader impacts in science, education, and society. Our systems-based research integrates innovative research on hardware, algorithms, and architectures to enable the next generation of cyber systems. It also integrates educational activities in real-life infrastructure building, communications systems, and networking. In the near term, the basic building blocks developed for communication and energy harvesting can help extend existing wireless-based, battery powered systems, making these systems more fault tolerant and energy efficient. In the long term, the project outcomes can provide impetus for wide-spread integration of fully autonomous SHM systems as the technology matures, leading to improved public safety and reduced maintenance costs.