Building a molecular foundation for tropical mycorrhizal biology: Sporocarp surveys of ectomycorrhizal fungal diversity of Southeast Asian dipterocarp forests

建立热带菌根生物学的分子基础：东南亚龙脑香林外生菌根真菌多样性的子实体调查

• 批准号: 1119795
• 负责人: Kabir Peay
• 金额: $ 18万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-08-15 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1119795&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Building; molecular; foundation; tropical; mycorrhizal

The Dipterocarpaceae is the most diverse and abundant tree family in the lowland tropical rain forests of Southeast Asia. There are more than 500 species and all depend on root-associated fungi called ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi to obtain soil nutrients. Ectomycorrhizal fungi have evolved intimate associations with particular groups of trees in forest communities across the world, but they are rare in most lowland tropical regions. However, the extent of ECM fungal diversity is unknown, thereby making tests of important evolutionary and ecological hypotheses difficult. While soil fungi predominantly exist in microscopic form, many fungi make macroscopic fruiting bodies during the sexual stage of their life cycle, enabling taxonomic identifications that can be coupled with molecular data. This project will make use of an existing collection of identified and curated fungi in Malaysia to begin building and DNA database for fungal diversity in dipterocarp forest. This effort will allow environmental samples of soils and roots to be linked to specific species of fungi. Also, fungal fruiting bodies from the dipterocarp forest will continue to be collected, identified, and sequenced at a greater intensity with efforts to identify host tree species of specific fungi. Broader impacts for this project include the teaching and training of local Malaysian assistants and students. We will also provide an intensive training workshop for foreign and Malaysian researchers in the collection and identification of fungal sporocarps in the field. Digital images of sporocarps will be publicly available online. Since dipterocarps are also highly prized for timber and have experienced some the highest deforestation rates in the world, this research will be useful for implementing strategies for forest conservation and regeneration.

二翼甲苯是东南亚低地热带雨林中最多样化，最丰富的树家族。有500多种，所有物种都取决于与根相关的真菌，称为外生菌（ECM）真菌，以获取土壤养分。外生菌血真菌与世界各地森林群落中的特定树木群体发展了亲密的关联，但在大多数低地热带地区很少见。但是，ECM真菌多样性的程度尚不清楚，从而使重要的进化和生态假设的测试变得困难。虽然土壤真菌主要以微观形式存在，但许多真菌在其生命周期的性阶段使宏观的果实体生成，从而实现了可以与分子数据相结合的分类学鉴定。该项目将利用马来西亚现有的已确定和策划真菌的集合开始构建DNA数据库，以实现DINGAL森林中的真菌多样性。这项工作将使土壤和根部的环境样本与特定的真菌种类相关。同样，通过努力识别特定真菌的宿主树种，将继续收集，鉴定和测序的二翼粉森林的真菌水果体。 该项目的更广泛影响包括对马来西亚当地助理和学生的教学和培训。我们还将为外国和马来西亚研究人员提供一个强化的培训研讨会，以收集和识别该领域的真菌孢子。 Sporocarps的数字图像将在线公开获得。由于双翼型木材也高度高于木材，并且经历了世界上一些最高的森林砍伐率，因此这项研究对于实施森林保护和再生策略将很有用。