Collaborative Research: An Ultra-High Resolution Holocene Climate Record from a Varved Sediment Sequence from the Adelie Coast, Antarctica (IODP Exp 318)

分析东南极冰盖(EAIS)长期和短期行为的一个关键区域是威尔克斯陆地边缘的东段，位于东南极最大的冰下盆地-威尔克斯冰下盆地的向海末端。威尔克斯冰下盆地实际上可能以一种类似于西南极冰盖的方式对气候变化做出反应。此外，很大一部分南极底层水可能起源于南极海岸的这一部分，使该地区成为海洋环流模式的关键参与者。威尔克斯陆地综合海洋钻探计划318考察队最近获得了近3000米的沉积岩心。钻探现场U1357获得了阿德利盆地独特的超高堆积率沉积序列，该沉积序列从最新一次冰期延伸到全新世。这些季节性层状沉积物构成了世界上关于全新世环境变化最广泛的档案之一。这些沉积物包含了冰盖边缘从陆架撤退的时间和方式的近年度分辨率记录，约12,000 KYR B.P.。它们还包含整个全新世水温、水团水库年龄、层化、生产力、海冰范围以及可能的底层水生产的过去变化的记录。在这份合作提案中，P.I.S要求提供资金，对从沉积物柱中发现的有孔虫进行形态测量、稳定同位素和地球化学分析。这些将被用来从南极边缘产生第一个高分辨率(亚十年至十年)有孔虫同位素和化学气候时间序列。智力价值--该项目的结果将首次提供必要的十年至十年分辨率的数据，以解决与全新世期间发生在南极洲及其周围的海洋和气候变化有关的一些问题，包括：1)东南极边缘冰川消融的方式和时间与南极边缘其他地区相比如何？2)东南极边缘冰川系统对冰川消融以及全球和区域全新世气候波动的响应如何？3)全新世期间大洋环流和底水产量有何变化？作为探险后教育推广的一部分，我们将在研究过程中组织另外两个针对科学博物馆和中学的互动网络广播。在斯坦福大学，我们将继续通过NASA资助的一个项目向中学传播这项工作的成果，在该项目中，他定期与来自SF Bay地区的科学教师会面。此外，我们将邀请皇后学院和斯坦福大学的8名本科生作为实习生参与该项目，并将指导他们完成设想的过程

A key region for analysis of long- and short-term behavior of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet (EAIS) is the eastern sector of the Wilkes Land margin, located at the seaward termination of the largest subglacial basin in East Antarctica, the Wilkes subglacial basin. The Wilkes subglacial basin may in fact respond to climate variability in a fashion similar to the West Antarctic Ice Sheet. Additionally, a significant portion of all Antarctic Bottom Water may originate from this part of the Antarctic coast, making this region a key player in oceanic circulation patterns. The Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 318 to Wilkes Land recently obtained nearly 3,000 meters of sedimentary cores. Drill site U1357, obtained a unique ultra-high accumulation rate sedimentary sequence from the Adelie Basin that extends from the latest glacial interval through the Holocene. These seasonally laminated deposits constitute one of the world's most expanded archives of environmental change during the Holocene. The sediments contain a near annual-resolution record of when and how the ice sheet margin retreated from the shelf ~12,000 kyr B.P. They also contain a record of past changes in water temperature, water mass reservoir age, stratification, productivity, sea ice extent, and possibly bottom water production throughout the Holocene. In this collaborative proposal, the P.I.'s request funding for morphometric, stable isotopic, and geochemical analyses of foraminifera recovered from the sediment column. These will be used to produce the first high-resolution (sub-decadal to decadal) foraminiferal isotopic and chemical climate time series from the Antarctic margin.Intellectual Merit - The results from this project will provide, for the first time, the requisite data at subdecadal to decadal resolution to address a number of questions related to oceanographic and climatic changes that occurred on and around Antarctica during the Holocene, including: 1) How does the style and timing of deglaciation along the East Antarctic Margin compare with other parts of the Antarctic Margin? 2) What were the responses of the East Antarctic Margin glacial system to deglaciation as well as global and regional Holocene climate fluctuations? 3) How did oceanic circulation and bottom water production vary during the Holocene? As part of our post-expedition educational outreach, we will organize two additional interactive webcasts targeting science museums and secondary schools during the course of this research. At Stanford, we will continue to disseminate the results of this work to secondary schools via a funded NASA project wherein he is meeting regularly with science teachers from around the SF Bay Area. Additionally, we are engaging up to 8 undergraduate students at Queens College and Stanford University in the project as interns and will guide them through the process of envisioning