GeoClaw Validation against the Great Tohoku Tsumani of 11 March 2011

2011年3月11日的东北大海啸产生了大量数据，这些数据将有助于验证海啸模型，例如由国际和平协会及其合作者开发的GeoClaw软件。这个快速项目将为两名博士后研究员和两名研究生提供短期支持，帮助他们收集数据和进行模拟。主要目标是进一步验证软件和组成数值算法作为海啸模拟工具的有效性，并比较不同地震学家小组为这一事件提出的各种震源机制。数据来源将包括NOAA DART浮标、验潮仪、视频和照片以及海啸后的调查，包括近场和远场。博士后研究员是海啸科学方面的专家，他们有处理各种海啸数据的经验，也有在论文工作中使用GeoClaw软件的经验。该软件实现了非线性浅水方程的高分辨率有限体积方法，并提供了稳健的淹没模型。自适应网格细化是为了在所需的广泛空间范围内有效地解决该问题。海啸对美国许多沿海地区构成严重威胁，特别是在太平洋西北部。从加利福尼亚州北部到不列颠哥伦比亚省的近海卡斯卡迪亚俯冲区(CSZ)定期产生9级地震，产生类似于2004年印度洋或2011年日本海啸(上一次CSZ大海啸发生在1700年)的海啸。整个西海岸、夏威夷和阿拉斯加也面临着由许多其他潜在来源引发的海啸的风险。减灾和预警系统需要精确的计算机模拟工具，其基础是海啸的产生和传播以及随后的沿海洪灾和淹没的数学模型。针对真实事件对这些模型进行测试是很重要的，2011年3月11日的东北大海啸提供了来自各种来源的丰富数据。进行一系列仔细的计算实验将有助于验证华盛顿大学开发的计算模型，并将指导对该模型的进一步改进。

The Great Tohoku Tsunami of 11 March 2011 has generated massive quantities of data that will be invaluable in helping to validate tsunami models such as the GeoClaw software being developed by the PI and his collaborators. This RAPID project will provide short-term support for two postdoctoral fellows and two graduate students to assist in collecting data and performing simulations. The main goals are to further validate the software and constituent numerical algorithms as tools for tsunami modeling, and to compare a variety of proposed earthquake source mechanisms for this event that have been developed by different groups of seismologists. Data sources will include NOAA DART buoys, tide gauges, videos and photographs, and post-tsunami surveys, both in the near field and far field. The postdoctoral fellows are experts in tsunami science who have experience in working with a variety of tsunami data, also have experience working with the GeoClaw software in their thesis work. The software implements high-resolution finite volume methods for the nonlinear shallow water equations, with provisions to robustly model inundation. Adaptive mesh refinement is incorporated to allow the efficient solution of the problem over the vast range of spatial scales required.Tsunamis pose a severe threat to many coastal regions of the United States, particularly in the Pacific Northwest. The offshore Cascadia Subduction Zone (CSZ) running from Northern California up to British Columbia periodically produces a magnitude 9 earthquake, generating a tsunami of magnitude similar to that seen in the Indian Ocean in 2004 or from the Japanese tsunami of 2011 (The last major CSZ tsunami was in 1700). The entire West Coast, Hawaii, and Alaska are also at risk from tsunamis arising from many other potential sources. Hazard mitigation and early warning systems require accurate computer simulation tools based on mathematical models of the generation and propagation of tsunamis and the subsequent flooding and inundation along the coast. It is important to test these models against real events, and the 11 March 2011 Great Tohoku Tsunami provides a wealth of data from a variety of sources. Performing a careful series of computational experiments will assist in validating the computational model developed at the University of Washington and will guide the development of further improvements to the model.