WSC-Category 3: Sustainable Large-Scale Deployment of Perennial Biomass Energy Crops

WSC-类别 3：多年生生物质能源作物的可持续大规模部署

• 批准号: 1204774
• 负责人: Matei Georgescu
• 金额: $ 148.5万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-15 至 2018-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1204774&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: WSC; Category; Sustainable; Large; Scale

Confronting concerns associated with domestic energy security and large-scale anthropogenic climate change are principal factors for continued pursuit of renewable energy in the United States. Yet, detrimental indirect and inadvertent consequences related to both climate and food security for first generation biofuels, illustrate a non-sustainable approach to current bioenergy production. Expansion of perennial biomass energy crops such as switchgrass and miscanthus on U.S. degraded and abandoned farmland may prove to be a viable alternative. However, land-use change associated with this expansion may have additional, direct effects on natural water resources that requires assessment prior to large-scale surface alteration to ensure long-term environmental sustainability. This project will integrate physical (i.e., coupled hydro-climatic modeling, using WRF 3.4 coupled to two different land surface models), agricultural (i.e., crop modeling, using EPIC and CENTURY crop models), and socioeconomic (i.e., economic modeling, using FASOMGHG and BEPAM models) elements to evaluate system resilience associated with expansion of perennial bioenergy crops on U.S. degraded and abandoned farmland. Geographically explicit maps depicting sustainable regional "hot-spots" of perennial biomass energy expansion will be developed. The research will quantify impacts on the local hydrologic cycle, including effects on soil and groundwater resources (e.g., change in water table depth), and associated climatic consequences to determine if expansion is feasible and sustainable over decadal timescales. Assessment of photosynthetic production of bioenergy crops will be undertaken and resulting modeled yields will be translated to quantify the fraction of U.S. liquid fuel consumption that could be offset. The research will also evaluate economic profitability of growing perennial biomass energy crops in identified "hot-spot" areas. Potential designs for extension of agricultural programs, such as the commodity reserve program, to promote growth of perennial biomass energy crops in identified regions, will also be examined.By exploring bioenergy expansion through an integrated lens that incorporates physical, agricultural, and economic elements, this project will guide local to national level agencies making decisions regarding the feasibility of biomass-derived energy. The modeling tools will enable water and resource managers as well as farmers to recognize impacts and trade-offs of large-scale deployment of perennial biomass energy crops to make more informed decisions for water resource management. Thus, the project will promote decision-maker participation and expand opportunities for citizen engagement. The project will also enable participation, expand opportunities, and assist in the mentoring of underrepresented groups through a unique educational collaboration with a not-for-profit (K-12) public charter school.

面对与国内能源安全和大规模人为气候变化相关的关切，是美国继续追求可再生能源的主要因素。然而，对第一代生物燃料来说，与气候和粮食安全有关的有害的间接和无意的后果表明，目前的生物能源生产是一种不可持续的方法。在美国退化和废弃的农田上推广柳枝草和芒属等多年生生物质能源作物可能被证明是一个可行的替代方案。然而，与这种扩张相关的土地利用变化可能会对自然水资源产生额外的、直接的影响，需要在大规模地表改变之前进行评估，以确保环境的长期可持续性。该项目将综合物理(即，使用WRF 3.4耦合到两个不同的陆地表面模型)、农业(即，使用EPIC和CENTURY作物模型进行作物建模)和社会经济(即，经济模型，使用FASOMGHG和BEPAM模型)元素来评估与多年生生物能源作物在美国退化和废弃农田上的扩展相关的系统弹性。将开发地理上明确的地图，描绘常年生物质能源扩展的可持续区域“热点”。这项研究将量化对当地水文循环的影响，包括对土壤和地下水资源的影响(例如，地下水位深度的变化)，以及相关的气候后果，以确定在十年时间尺度上扩展是否可行和可持续。将对生物能源作物的光合作用生产进行评估，并将结果转换为模型产量，以量化可以抵消的美国液体燃料消耗的比例。这项研究还将评估在确定的“热点”地区种植多年生生物质能源作物的经济盈利能力。还将研究扩展农业计划的潜在设计，如商品储备计划，以促进确定地区的多年生生物质能源作物的生长。该项目将通过结合物理、农业和经济因素的综合透镜探索生物能源的扩展，该项目将指导地方到国家一级的机构就生物质衍生能源的可行性做出决策。模拟工具将使水资源和资源管理人员以及农民能够认识到大规模种植多年生物质能源作物的影响和权衡，以便为水资源管理作出更明智的决定。因此，该项目将促进决策者的参与，扩大公民参与的机会。该项目还将通过与非营利性(K-12)公立特许学校的独特教育合作，促进参与，扩大机会，并协助指导代表性不足的群体。

项目成果

Global citizen deliberation: Case of world-wide views on climate and energy

全球公民审议：全球气候和能源观点案例

• DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111892
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Energy Policy
• 影响因子: 9
• 作者: Chhetri, Netra;Ghimire, Rajiv;Wagner, Melissa;Wang, Meng
• 通讯作者: Wang, Meng