DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Disease Invasion Dynamics: Brucella abortus and Mycobacterium bovis in African Buffalo

论文研究：疾病侵袭动态：非洲水牛的流产布鲁氏菌和牛分枝杆菌

• 批准号: 1210904
• 负责人: Anna Jolles
• 金额: $ 1.25万
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-06-01 至 2014-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1210904&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; Disease; Invasion; Dynamics

Interactions between co-infecting pathogens are common in wildlife populations and each pathogen has the potential to affect one another?s transmission. In African buffalo, disease interactions may have important social and economic consequences because buffalo are the main reservoirs of brucellosis and bovine tuberculosis. Both brucellosis and tuberculosis are bacterial infections that cause significant morbidity during spill-over infections to cattle in areas surrounding wildlife preserves, such as on the borders of Kruger National Park, South Africa. Bovine tuberculosis was only recently introduced into Kruger National Park's buffalo population in the 1980s, so its effects on both the buffalo population as well as on brucellosis transmission are unknown. Bovine tuberculosis may reduce the spread of brucellosis if it causes increased mortality in co-infected animals or may increase the spread of brucellosis if the immune suppression it causes enhances the transmission of brucellosis. This project aims to understand how the immune-suppression and increased mortality caused by Bovine tuberculosis affect brucellosis transmission. The project will combine immunological tools to investigate pathogen interactions in individual buffalo, with mathematical models to scale up from individual hosts to predict population scale consequences for disease transmission in buffalo. This project will foster stronger linkage between veterinarians and ecologists through collaborations, and outreach in Africa and at the veterinary school at Oregon State University. Understanding the mechanisms and consequences of wildlife disease interactions requires integration between these fields as they offer different perspectives and techniques. Results from this project will have practical implications for management of wildlife diseases in general and for predicting the consequences of new pathogens in their wildlife reservoirs.

共同感染病原体之间的相互作用在野生动植物种群中很常见，每种病原体都有可能彼此影响的传播。 在非洲水牛城，疾病的相互作用可能会带来重要的社会和经济后果，因为水牛是布鲁克氏病和牛结核病的主要储层。 布鲁氏菌病和结核病都是细菌感染，在野生动植物保护区周围地区的牛群溢出感染期间，在南非克鲁格国家公园的边界上引起牛。 牛结核病最近才在1980年代引入克鲁格国家公园的水牛种群中，因此其对水牛种群以及对布鲁克利病传播的影响尚不清楚。 如果牛结核病会导致共同感染的动物死亡率增加，或者如果免疫抑制会导致乳不良的传播，则可能会减少布鲁氏菌病的传播。 该项目的目的是了解牛结核病引起的免疫抑制和死亡率增加如何影响布鲁塞病的传播。 该项目将结合免疫学工具来研究单个水牛的病原体相互作用，并将数学模型从单个宿主扩展，以预测布法罗疾病传播的人口规模后果。该项目将通过合作以及在非洲和俄勒冈州立大学的兽医学校进行合作，在兽医和生态学家之间建立更牢固的联系。 了解野生动植物疾病相互作用的机制和后果需要在这些领域提供不同的观点和技术之间的整合。 该项目的结果将对一般的野生动植物疾病的管理和预测其野生动植物储层中新病原体的后果具有实际影响。