US:UK Collab: Multi-scale infection dynamics from cells to landscapes: FMD in African buffalo

美国：英国合作：从细胞到景观的多尺度感染动态：非洲水牛的口蹄疫

• 批准号: 2208087
• 负责人: Anna Jolles
• 金额: $ 298.05万
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2027-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2208087&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: US; UK; Collab; Multi; scale

The goal of this study is to determine if viral spread and persistence can be predicted from viral interactions with host cells. Predicting which viral genetic variant will be more harmful to hosts, which will spread widely, and which will persist in host populations is a major challenge. In this study, researchers from the United States, the United Kingdom, and South Africa will collaborate to investigate the spread of foot-and-moth disease virus (FMDV) in wild African buffalo by studying viral growth rate, life span, and the rate of cell destruction. This information can then be used to screen future variants and identify dangerous variants before they spread. The project will investigate spillover of FMDV into domestic cattle. It will also allow US graduate students and post-doctoral scholars to learn to collaborate internationally with students from the UK and South Africa.The team will investigate viral dynamics from genomic to landscape scales using foot-and-mouth disease viruses in their wildlife host, African buffalo, as a model system. FMDVs are some of the fastest-evolving and most contagious known pathogens, which cause enormous losses when they spillover from wildlife to livestock populations. FMDV variants from Kruger National Park, South Africa, have been collected and archived for over forty years, providing historical and phylogenetic context for evaluating lineages that are currently circulating in the park’s buffalo population. The researchers will create a data-driven mathematical framework linking viral dynamics across organizational scales, to test whether dynamics within hosts, at population and landscape scales, can be predicted from phenotypic variation among viral lineages. Using experiments, observational field studies and mathematical models, the team will: discover patterns of phenotypic differentiation among current and historic FMDV lineages, evaluate whether viral phenotypic traits measured in vitro predict viral dynamics in live hosts, explore how within-host viral and immune dynamics translate to FMD dynamics in buffalo herds, determine how variation among viral strains structures viral diversity at the landscape scale, and characterize genotypes and phenotypes of FMDV strains that caused outbreaks in livestock. The modeling framework will be tested to see whether the approach correctly distinguishes historic lineages that spread, diversified, and in some cases spilled over to livestock, from strains that petered out after modest periods of growth.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项研究的目的是确定病毒传播和持久性是否可以通过与宿主细胞的病毒相互作用来预测。预测哪种病毒遗传变异将对宿主更加有害，宿主将扩散，并且将持续存在于寄主人群中是一个主要挑战。在这项研究中，来自美国，英国和南非的研究人员将通过研究病毒生长速度，寿命和细胞破坏率来研究野生非洲水牛的脚和疾病病毒（FMDV）的传播。然后，这些信息可以用于筛选未来的变体并在传播之前识别危险变体。该项目将调查FMDV的Spilover纳入家养牛。它还将使我们的研究生和博士后学者能够学会与来自英国和南非的学生进行国际合作。该团队将在其野生动植物宿主，非洲水牛城使用脚和口疾病病毒研究从基因组到景观鳞片的病毒动态，作为模型系统。 FMDV是一些发展最快，最传染性的已知病原体，当它们从野生动植物到牲畜种群时，它们会增加损失。来自南非克鲁格国家公园的FMDV变体已经收集和存档已超过40年，为评估提供了历史和系统发育环境。目前在公园布法罗人口中流通的血统。研究人员将创建一个由数据驱动的数学框架，将跨组织量表连接病毒动态，以测试宿主内部的动态，在人群和景观量表中是否可以通过病毒谱系中的表型变化来预测。使用实验，观察现场研究和数学模型，团队将：发现当前和历史之间表型差异的模式FMDV谱系之间的表型差异化模式，评估是否在活体现中测量的病毒表型特征可以预测活宿主中的病毒动态，探索宿主内部病毒和免疫动力学的构建方式，使FMD动力学在buffero themist中如何变化，这是如何转化为FMD动力学的，这是如何转化为FMD动力学的范围。尺度以及表征FMDV菌株的基因型和表型，这些菌株导致牲畜爆发。将测试建模框架，以查看该方法是否正确区分了传播，多样化的历史血统，并在某些情况下旋转到牲畜，从适度的成长时期散发出来的菌株，该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，这反映了NSF的法定任务，并认为通过该基金会的知识优点和广泛的criperia criperia criperia criperia crightia criptia criptia cressiatuation the奖项。