Collaborative Research: SGER: Microparasite-Macroparasite Interactions ?

合作研究：SGER：微型寄生虫与大型寄生虫的相互作用？

• 批准号: 0541981
• 负责人: Anna Jolles
• 金额: $ 3.39万
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-10-01 至 2006-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0541981&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; SGER; Microparasite; Macroparasite

Parasites and infectious diseases are increasingly being recognized as important factors driving mammalian ecology and evolution, and parasite co-infections can modify the effects of infectious disease on hosts in several ways. In humans, increasing evidence suggests that macroparasite (helminth) infections influence the susceptibility to and severity of microparasitic infections such as HIV and TB. However, much less is known about micro- and macroparasite interactions in wildlife, despite the high prevalence of co-infections in many natural systems. This research will examine interactions between gastrointestinal nematode infections and bovine tuberculosis in African buffalo at Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park, South Africa. Free-ranging TB-negative buffalo will be treated with a long-lasting anthelmintic drug in order to (1) test the effects of nematode removal on host susceptibility to TB infection by evaluating changes in host body condition and immunological parameters in response to treatment; and (2) determine the impact of treatment on TB transmission by comparing TB transmission rates in treated and untreated animals. By linking observed micro- and macroparasite infection patterns with underlying immunological, physiological and population dynamic mechanisms, this work will broaden understanding of the role parasite interactions play in the dynamics of infectious diseases in wildlife.

寄生虫和传染病越来越被认为是推动哺乳动物生态学和进化的重要因素，而寄生虫共感染可以通过多种方式改变传染病对宿主的影响。在人类中，越来越多的证据表明，大型岩石岩（蠕虫）感染会影响微寄生虫感染（例如HIV和TB）的敏感性和严重性。然而，尽管许多自然系统中的共同感染率很高，但关于野生动植物中的微果石相互作用的知之甚少。这项研究将研究南非Hluhluwe-imfolozi Park的非洲水牛城胃肠线虫感染与牛结核病之间的相互作用。自由放映的TB阴性水牛将通过持久的驱虫药物治疗，以通过评估宿主身体状况的变化和免疫学参数的变化来测试线虫去除对宿主对TB感染的影响； （2）通过比较治疗和未经处理的动物中结核病的传播速率来确定治疗对结核病传播的影响。通过将观察到的微果石感染模式与潜在的免疫，生理和人群动态机制联系起来，这项工作将扩大对寄生虫相互作用在野生动植物中感染性疾病动态中起作用的作用。