HCC: Small: Copyright and Online Communities: An Empirical Study of Social Norms and User Conceptions
HCC:小:版权与在线社区:社会规范和用户观念的实证研究
基本信息
- 批准号:1216347
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 37.29万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Continuing Grant
- 财政年份:2012
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2012-09-01 至 2016-08-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
This research will develop a detailed understanding of interactions between copyright law, social norms, and user behavior in online communities where people create and share content. Recent work has found that the following five things are typically different: (1) what the law says; (2) what people think the law says; (3) what people think is ethical; (4) community norms; and (5) what people actually do. How can we better understand users, how they engage with copyrighted content online, and how they interact with one another in environments of creative sharing? To fully answer these questions, it is necessary to address all five dimensions, and their complex interactions. This research takes up the task of understanding how these dimensions function within different online communities, how community norms evolve, and what lessons can be derived for online community management and design.The Internet is a rich medium for a vast spectrum of creative activity. People make original art, write stories, make videos, and share them with others online. The raw material for this wealth of creativity is a combination of original ideas and existing content, including the remix of copyrighted material created by corporations or other Internet users. As a result, while the nuances of copyright law were once something that largely mattered only to commercial producers of content, technology has changed all of this. With both copying and wide dissemination made orders of magnitude easier thanks to digital content and the Internet, copyright is now something that touches the average computer user on almost a daily basis. This is particularly true for the large number of online amateur content creators. However, just because the law is more relevant to more people does not mean it is more easily understandable.The same confusions that have always existed in applications of the law have been exacerbated by technological advances. Social norms that form within these communities of creators do not necessarily track exactly to the law, but represent shared understandings and constructions, as well as ethical intuitions. These norms interact in intricate ways with other sources of order in online communities - legal rules, site policies, and technology-imposed control - and only together provide a complete picture of user behavior.This study will gather data from three sources: (1) current online community policies; (2) public conversations about intellectual property occurring on current online sites and archives from older communities; and (3) interviews with creators of online creative content. The analysis will focus on teasing out the norms that exist within different communities, how they have evolved, and how they interact with the law as written and as enacted by community policies.The results of this research will better inform online community design, and more broadly contribute to our fundamental understanding of how social norms operate in complex sociotechnical systems. It will provide evidence-based guidance for online community designers, and for policy makers tasked with helping the law adapt effectively to new technologies. Broader educational impacts of this research include the training of two graduate students in this interdisciplinary field of study. Additionally, this research will enrich the curriculum for the required undergraduate class CS 4001 "Computers, Society, and Professionalism."
这项研究将开发一个详细的了解版权法,社会规范和用户行为之间的相互作用在人们创建和共享内容的在线社区。 最近的研究发现,以下五件事通常是不同的:(1)法律说什么;(2)人们认为法律说什么;(3)人们认为什么是道德的;(4)社区规范;(5)人们实际上做什么。我们如何更好地了解用户,他们如何在线参与受版权保护的内容,以及他们如何在创造性分享的环境中相互交流?为了充分回答这些问题,有必要解决所有五个方面及其复杂的相互作用。本研究的任务是了解这些维度如何在不同的在线社区中发挥作用,社区规范如何演变,以及可以为在线社区管理和设计提供哪些经验教训。人们制作原创艺术,写故事,制作视频,并在网上与他人分享。这一创造性财富的原材料是原始想法和现有内容的结合,包括公司或其他互联网用户创建的受版权保护的材料的混音。因此,虽然版权法的细微差别曾经在很大程度上只对内容的商业生产者重要,但技术已经改变了这一切。由于数字内容和互联网,复制和广泛传播都变得容易了几个数量级,版权现在几乎每天都触及普通计算机用户。对于大量在线业余内容创作者来说尤其如此。然而,仅仅因为法律与更多的人更相关并不意味着它更容易理解,在法律的应用中一直存在的困惑也因技术进步而加剧。在这些创造者社区中形成的社会规范不一定完全遵循法律,但代表着共同的理解和建构,以及道德直觉。这些规范以复杂的方式与在线社区的其他秩序来源--法律的规则、网站政策和技术强加的控制--相互作用,只有共同提供了一个完整的用户行为图景。本研究将从三个来源收集数据:(1)当前的在线社区政策;(2)当前在线网站和旧社区档案中发生的关于知识产权的公共对话;(3)在线社区的公共政策。以及(3)与在线创意内容的创作者的访谈。分析的重点将是梳理出不同社区中存在的规范,它们是如何演变的,以及它们如何与社区政策制定的法律相互作用。这项研究的结果将更好地为在线社区设计提供信息,并更广泛地帮助我们从根本上理解社会规范如何在复杂的社会技术系统中运作。 它将为在线社区设计者和负责帮助法律有效适应新技术的政策制定者提供基于证据的指导。 这项研究的更广泛的教育影响包括在这一跨学科研究领域培养两名研究生。此外,这项研究将丰富课程所需的本科类CS 4001 "计算机,社会和物质主义。"
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Amy Bruckman其他文献
Studying the amateur artist: A perspective on disguising data collected in human subjects research on the Internet
- DOI:
10.1023/a:1021316409277 - 发表时间:
2002-01-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:4.000
- 作者:
Amy Bruckman - 通讯作者:
Amy Bruckman
Mapping the Design Space of Teachable Social Media Feed Experiences
绘制可教学社交媒体反馈体验的设计空间
- DOI:
10.1145/3613904.3642120 - 发表时间:
2024 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
K. Feng;Xander Koo;Lawrence Tan;Amy Bruckman;David W. McDonald;Amy X. Zhang - 通讯作者:
Amy X. Zhang
Amy Bruckman的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Amy Bruckman', 18)}}的其他基金
RAPID: Social Media during Rapid Transition
RAPID:快速转型期间的社交媒体
- 批准号:
1552364 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 37.29万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Pilot: Supporting and Transforming Leadership in Online Creative Collaboration
试点:支持和转变在线创意协作的领导力
- 批准号:
0855952 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 37.29万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative - BPC-DP: Testers to Techies: Culturally Aware and Authentic Computing Education through Game Testing
协作 - BPC-DP:从测试人员到技术人员:通过游戏测试进行文化意识和真实的计算教育
- 批准号:
0837733 - 财政年份:2008
- 资助金额:
$ 37.29万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Science Online: Learning Through Collaborative Writing of an Open-Content Scientific Encyclopedia
科学在线:通过合作撰写开放内容的科学百科全书来学习
- 批准号:
0537251 - 财政年份:2005
- 资助金额:
$ 37.29万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
ITR Collaborative Research: Indexing, Retrieval, and Use of Large Motion Databases
ITR 协作研究:大型运动数据库的索引、检索和使用
- 批准号:
0326325 - 财政年份:2004
- 资助金额:
$ 37.29万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
CAREER: Net Flyer: Community Support for Scaleable Constructionist Learning on the Internet
职业:Net Flyer:对互联网上可扩展建构主义学习的社区支持
- 批准号:
9876168 - 财政年份:1999
- 资助金额:
$ 37.29万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
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