Quantitative Insights on Environmental Implications of Functionalizing Fullerenes

功能化富勒烯对环境影响的定量见解

• 批准号: 1235916
• 负责人: Jaehong Kim
• 金额: $ 31万
• 依托单位: Georgia Tech Research Corporation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2014-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1235916&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Quantitative; Insights; Environmental; Implications; Functionalizing

Abstract#1235916Kim, JaehongC60 is the most common and stable form of a unique family of all-carbon spheroids known as Buckminsterfullerenes, or fullerenes for short. While past environmental studies mostly focused only on pristine C60, it is becoming more common to chemically modify fullerenes, which makes it difficult to assess their potential environmental impacts as fullerene derivatives. Chemically modified, or functionalized, C60 provides tremendous opportunities for applications in diverse fields including biocidal materials for water and surface disinfection, due to C60's unique property of mediating the transfer of light energy to ambient oxygen, producing reactive singlet oxygen (1O2). The production of 1O2, however, can also have negative consequences to biological systems upon unintended release into the environment. Since C60 is very insoluble in water, it forms stable, nano-sized aggregates that lose the ability to produce 1O2. Functionalizing C60, however, has been found to allow C60 to achieve more dispersion in water and generate 1O2. These properties are strongly affected by the type and the number of chemical functional groups attached to the fullerene cage, yet no systematic studies have been conducted on the relationship between photochemical activity and functionalization of fullerene aggregates to date.Intellectual Merit: This project will examine a series of fullerene derivatives to better understand the relationship between functionalization of C60 and its key properties of interest for environmental implications and applications. Such properties include absorption of light in visible and UVA range, capability to transfer energy to oxygen and produce 1O2, water solubility or ability to disperse as aggregates, and surface interactions with microorganisms. Experimental plans were developed to examine (1) physical and chemical properties; (2) photochemical properties; and (3) kinetics and mechanisms of antibacterial and antiviral properties, using a suite of analytical techniques and microbiological tools. The proposed study is one of the first studies to establish a foundation for predicting the properties of fullerene derivatives in water based on their functionalities and will significantly contribute to advancing knowledge on functionalizing fullerene in the context of environmental implications. This study will also provide the necessary information for the utilization of functionalized fullerenes in environmental remediation. The first, realistic step toward these goals would be examining the key relationships on a selected range of fullerene derivatives that are of utmost significance in terms of availability and commercialization potential. Broader impacts: Educating graduate students is an integral part of the proposed project and the PI intends to recruit students in underrepresented groups. This project will train students in an emerging area where qualified professionals are in short supply. These students will gain interdisciplinary experience with applications of nanochemistry, photochemistry and environmental engineering. The project will also leverage an existing high school student summer internship program.

摘要＃1235916KIM，JAEHONGC60是最常见，最稳定的全碳球体家族的最常见和稳定的形式，称为Buckminsterfullerenes，或简称富勒烯。尽管过去的环境研究主要仅集中在原始的C60上，但化学修改富勒烯越来越普遍，这使得很难评估其作为富勒烯衍生物的潜在环境影响。化学修饰或功能化的C60为在包括水和表面消毒在内的各种领域的应用中提供了巨大的机会，这是由于C60的独特特性介导了光能将光能传递到环境氧，从而产生了反应性单线氧（1O2）。然而，1O2的生产也可能在意外释放到环境中对生物系统产生负面影响。由于C60非常不溶于水，因此它会形成稳定的纳米尺寸聚集体，这些聚集体失去了产生1O2的能力。但是，已经发现C60功能化可以使C60在水中获得更多的分散并产生1O2。这些特性受到富勒烯笼附着的化学功能组的类型和数量的强烈影响，但是尚未就光化学活性和富勒烯聚集物的功能化之间的关系进行系统的研究：intlectual Fuelit：该项目将研究一系列的全甲衍生物，以更好地了解C60及其功能性属性和关键属性之间的关系之间的关系。这些特性包括在可见光和UVA范围内的光吸收，将能量传递到氧气并产生1O2的能力，水溶性或分散为聚集体的能力以及与微生物的表面相互作用。制定了实验计划来检查（1）物理和化学特性； （2）光化学特性； （3）使用一套分析技术和微生物工具的抗菌和抗病毒特性的动力学和机制。拟议的研究是建立基础的最早的研究之一，以根据其功能来预测富勒烯衍生物在水中的性质，并将在环境含义的背景下极大地促进有关富勒烯功能化的知识。这项研究还将为在环境修复中利用功能化的富勒烯提供必要的信息。朝着这些目标朝着这些目标的第一步是检查在富勒烯衍生品范围内的关键关系，这些关系在可用性和商业化潜力方面具有最大意义。更广泛的影响：教育研究生是拟议项目不可或缺的一部分，PI打算招募代表性不足的群体。该项目将在有资格的专业人员供应不足的新兴地区培训学生。这些学生将在纳米化学，光化学和环境工程的应用中获得跨学科的经验。该项目还将利用现有的高中学生暑期实习计划。