Participation in Flame-IV: Understanding Aerosol Absorption in Biomass Burning Plumes Through Measurements of Single-Particle SSA, Coatings, and Brown Carbon

参与 Flame-IV：通过测量单颗粒 SSA、涂层和棕碳了解生物质燃烧羽流中的气溶胶吸收

• 批准号: 1241479
• 负责人: Shane Murphy
• 金额: $ 23.9万
• 依托单位: University of Wyoming
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-11-01 至 2015-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1241479&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Participation; Flame; IV; Understanding; Aerosol

Aerosols impact the radiative balance of the earth directly by scattering and absorbing sunlight and semi-directly by altering the vertical temperature profile of the atmosphere and modifying cloud properties. The magnitudes of these effects are highly uncertain thereby limiting our understanding of and ability to predict earth's climate. Absorption of sunlight by black carbon (BC) aerosols is thought to be the largest positive radiative forcing after carbon dioxide and biomass burning accounts for greater than half of BC in the atmosphere. A key parameter in describing aerosol radiative properties is the single scattering albedo (SSA), which is difficult to reliably quantify from space, thus, making in-situ measurements essential. A suite of instruments will be deployed to the Fire Sciences Laboratory in Missoula, Montana for a 4-week investigation (entitled FLAME-IV (the 4th Fire Lab At Missoula Experiment)) of biomass-burning emissions from globally important fuel types. Emissions will be characterized with a photoacoustic absorption spectrometer (PAS), a cavity attenuated phase shift spectrometer (CAPS), a thermal denuder, and the aerosol scattering to extinction ratio (ASTER) instrument. Aerosol absorption, enhanced absorption caused by semi-volatile coatings, brown carbon, the SSA of the bulk aerosol and the SSA of single particles will be quantified. The single-particle SSA distribution for biomass burning emissions will provide new information regarding the size, character, and mixing state of particles responsible for absorption. These detailed optical properties will inform satellite retrievals and climate models.Project data will be archived in easily accessible formats and available publicly for use by modelers and others. Result will facilitate informed public policy decisions regarding the climatic implications of biomass burning emissions. The project will support 2 full-time graduate students and provide opportunities for undergraduate research. This study will foster collaboration among the Atmospheric Science Department at the University of Wyoming (an EPSCOR University), the Fire Sciences Lab, and other groups participating in Flame IV. Results will be reported at national conferences and in the peer-reviewed literature. Results will also be incorporated into courses offered in the principal investigator's department, presentations to community groups, and workshops for both high school students and K-12 teachers.

气溶胶通过散射和吸收太阳光直接影响地球的辐射平衡，并通过改变大气的垂直温度剖面和改变云特性来半直接影响地球的辐射平衡。 这些影响的程度高度不确定，从而限制了我们对地球气候的理解和预测能力。黑碳（BC）气溶胶对阳光的吸收被认为是继二氧化碳和生物质燃烧占大气中一半以上黑碳之后最大的正辐射强迫。描述气溶胶辐射特性的一个关键参数是单散射反照率（SSA），它很难从太空可靠地量化，因此现场测量至关重要。蒙大拿州米苏拉的火灾科学实验室将部署一套仪器，对全球重要燃料类型的生物质燃烧排放进行为期 4 周的调查（名为 FLAME-IV（米苏拉第四次火灾实验室））。将使用光声吸收光谱仪（PAS）、腔体衰减相移光谱仪（CAPS）、热衰减器和气溶胶散射消光比（ASTER）仪器来表征排放。气溶胶吸收、半挥发性涂层、棕碳引起的增强吸收、散装气溶胶的 SSA 和单个颗粒的 SSA 将被量化。生物质燃烧排放的单颗粒 SSA 分布将提供有关负责吸收的颗粒的尺寸、特征和混合状态的新信息。这些详细的光学特性将为卫星检索和气候模型提供信息。项目数据将以易于访问的格式存档，并可供建模者和其他人公开使用。结果将有助于就生物质燃烧排放的气候影响做出明智的公共政策决策。该项目将支持 2 名全日制研究生，并提供本科生研究机会。这项研究将促进怀俄明大学（EPSCOR 大学）大气科学系、火灾科学实验室和参与 Flame IV 的其他小组之间的合作。结果将在全国会议和同行评审文献中报告。结果还将纳入首席研究员部门提供的课程、向社区团体的演示以及为高中生和 K-12 教师举办的研讨会。