Transcriptional basis of cold adaptation in Drosophila melanogaster

果蝇冷适应的转录基础

• 批准号: 209410005
• 负责人: Dr. Stephan Hutter
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Evolutionsbiologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2010-12-31 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/209410005?language=en
• 关键词: Transcriptional; basis; cold; adaptation; Drosophila

The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is originally an Afro-tropical species. Only recently (within the last 15,000 years) has it conquered new habitats like Europe. Obviously, this novel European environment differs greatly from the species origin, e.g. in mean temperature and the severity and length of winter. This project aims at uncovering genes which contributed to local adaptation during the range expansion into temperate habitats. Specifically, we are interested in changes in the genome that altered levels of gene expression. To find these we plan to expose European and African flies to a cold shock and measure their transcriptional response using whole-genome microarrays. Genes that show expression differences are candidates that may have undergone regulatory adaptation in order to provide increased cold tolerance. Furthermore, we would like to investigate if such adaptive changes are the results of cis- or trans-regulatory mutations. The use of flies with homogenized genomic backgrounds will allow us to address this question. Finally, we would like to functionally test if changes in transcription level of candidate genes are actually causative of differences in cold tolerance by using the transgenic tools available in D. melanogaster, which allow us to artificially increase or decrease expression levels of genes.

黑腹果蝇（Drosophila melanogaster）最初是一种非洲热带物种。直到最近（在过去的15,000年里），它才征服了像欧洲这样的新栖息地。显然，这种新的欧洲环境与物种起源有很大的不同，例如平均温度和冬季的严重性和长度。该项目旨在揭示在向温带栖息地扩展的过程中有助于当地适应的基因。具体来说，我们感兴趣的是改变基因表达水平的基因组变化。为了找到这些，我们计划将欧洲和非洲的苍蝇暴露在冷休克中，并使用全基因组微阵列测量它们的转录反应。显示出表达差异的基因是可能经历了调节适应以提供增加的耐冷性的候选基因。此外，我们想研究这种适应性变化是否是顺式或反式调节突变的结果。使用具有均质化基因组背景的果蝇将使我们能够解决这个问题。最后，我们希望通过使用D.黑腹动物，这使我们能够人为地增加或减少基因的表达水平。

项目成果

Population genetic evidence for cold adaptation in European Drosophila melanogaster populations

• DOI: 10.1111/mec.13464
• 发表时间: 2016-03-01
• 期刊: MOLECULAR ECOLOGY
• 影响因子: 4.9
• 作者: Bozicevic, Vedran;Hutter, Stephan;Wollstein, Andreas
• 通讯作者: Wollstein, Andreas

Demographic Inference Reveals African and European Admixture in the North American Drosophila melanogaster Population

• DOI: 10.1534/genetics.112.145912
• 发表时间: 2013-01-01
• 期刊: GENETICS
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Duchen, Pablo;Zivkovic, Daniel;Laurent, Stefan
• 通讯作者: Laurent, Stefan