2013-2018 UNAVCO Community Proposal Geodesy Advancing Geosciences and EarthScope: The GAGE Facility

Miller 1261833 The GAGE Facility：Geodesy Advancing Geosciences and EarthScope Cooperative Agreement（CA）支持世界各地尖端社区大地测量研究的发展。 在过去二十年中，天基大地测量观测使人们能够测量地球的运动？在许多不同的尺度上对地球表面和地壳进行了观测，获得了前所未有的空间和时间细节，并提高了精度，从而在大陆变形、板块边界过程、地震周期、岩浆系统的几何学和动力学、大陆地下水储存和水文负荷等方面取得了重大发现。 空间大地测量可进一步研究地震和海啸灾害、火山爆发、海岸沉降、湿地健康、土壤湿度和地下水分布。特别重要的是有助于了解与气候动态有关的过程，包括飓风的跟踪和强度、海平面上升以及山地冰川和极地大冰盖的变化。 随着全球人口在美国和整个地球仪的灾害易发沿海和构造活跃地区不成比例地增加，量化、理解和潜在减轻自然灾害的社会相关性也在增长。随着生活在一个充满活力的星球上的挑战不断升级，使用全球大地测量基础设施和前沿技术的地球科学家们已经做好了充分的准备，以推进符合美国和全球公众利益的基础研究。NSF资助的大地测量研究人员活跃在每个大陆，跨越广泛的地球科学领域，并得到数据和工程服务的促进，这些服务现已合并到GAGE设施下。 GAGE继续运营：1）地球观测板块边界观测站（PBO），这是一套完整的大地测量网络，包括1100个连续的GPS站点（约350个高速率、低延迟数据流和约125个地面气象传感器）、78个钻孔应变仪和地震仪、6个长基线激光应变仪和几座火山上的倾斜仪; 2）全球工程和数据服务，主要面向NSF资助的研究人员，他们在研究中使用地面和卫星大地测量技术，并为社区GPS网络和NASA提供网络运营支持？全球导航卫星系统网络（GGN）; 3）教育和社区外联活动。 国家科学基金会极地方案司（PLR）为格陵兰和南极洲的PI研究和GPS网络的GAGE设施提供支持。 美国航天局为全球大地测量基准设施提供捐助，以支持全球大地测量基准和国际大地测量系统中央局的活动，这些活动是使高精度大地测量成为可能的国际协调参考框架产品的基础。

Miller1261833The GAGE Facility: Geodesy Advancing Geosciences and EarthScope Cooperative Agreement (CA) supports advancement of cutting-edge community geodetic research around the world. Over the last two decades, space-based geodetic observations have enabled measurement of the motions of the Earth?s surface and crust at many different scales, with unprecedented spatial and temporal detail and increased precision, leading to fundamental discoveries in continental deformation, plate boundary processes, the earthquake cycle, the geometry and dynamics of magmatic systems, continental groundwater storage and hydrologic loading. Space geodesy furthers research on earthquake and tsunami hazards, volcanic eruptions, coastal subsidence, wetlands health, soil moisture and groundwater distribution. Of particular importance are contributions to understanding of processes related to climate dynamics, including hurricane tracking and intensity, sea level rise, and changes in mountain glaciers and large polar ice sheets. As global population disproportionately increases in hazards-prone coastal and tectonically active regions of the US and across the globe, the societal relevance of quantifying, understanding, and potentially mitigating natural hazards grows. Geoscientists using global geodetic infrastructure coupled with leading edge techniques are well poised to advance basic research that is in the U.S. and global public interest as the challenges of living on a dynamic planet escalate.NSF-funded geodesy investigators are active on every continent, across a broad spectrum of the geosciences, and facilitated by data and engineering services that are now merged under the GAGE Facility. GAGE continues operations of: 1) the EarthScope Plate Boundary Observatory (PBO), an integrated set of geodetic networks that includes 1100 continuous GPS sites (with ~350 high-rate, low-latency data streams and ~125 surface meteorological sensors), 78 borehole strainmeters and seismometers, and 6 long-baseline laser strainmeters, and tiltmeters on several volcanoes; 2) global engineering and data services primarily to NSF-funded investigators who use terrestrial and satellite geodetic technologies in their research and provision of network operations support to community GPS networks and NASA?s Global GNSS Network (GGN); and 3) Education and community outreach actvities. NSF?s Division of Polar Programs (PLR) contributes to the GAGE Facility support of PI research and GPS networks in Greenland and Antarctica. NASA contributes to the GAGE Facility to support the GGN and the activities of the IGS Central Bureau, which underlie the internationally coordinated reference frame products that make high-precision geodesy possible.***