Hadron Structure Through Exclusive Reactions

通过独家反应的强子结构

• 批准号: 1306227
• 负责人: Tanja Horn
• 金额: $ 30.01万
• 依托单位: Catholic University of America
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-15 至 2017-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1306227&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Hadron; Structure; Through; Exclusive; Reactions

The fundamental goal of nuclear science is to understand all forms of nuclear matter, e.g., the origin and structure of the nucleus at core of the atom, and the nucleons and their quark and gluon constituents which account for nearly all of the mass of the visible universe. Over the last decade, hard exclusive reactions have emerged as a class of processes providing novel information on the parton (quark and gluon) distributions in hadrons - the particles sensitive to the strong force. Factorization theorems allow for expressing amplitudes in terms of the Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs), which are expected to provide a universal description of nucleon structure in both momentum and coordinate space. Experimentally, access to the transverse spatial structure relies on asymptotic freedom, allowing the hard interaction of the experimental probe with one parton to be unambiguously separated from the residual soft interaction of the struck parton with the rest of the hadron. In a kinematic regime where hard-soft factorization applies, exclusive measurements of a photon or meson originating from the struck parton can be used to create a tomographic image of the nucleon. This project plays an important role in these studies, specifically through the PI's exclusive photon and meson production experiments at Jefferson Lab, which will be essential for a reliable interpretation of the results from the GPD program at both 6 GeV and 12 GeV. Young scientists, graduate students, and undergraduate students play an integral part in this project, which provides them with opportunities to further their training and education. These will include the opportunity to gain experience in the design, assembly, and testing of modern instrumentation for the detection of radiation and subatomic particles, fast signal processing electronics, and scientific data analysis. Furthermore, learning to work in a large international scientific community will prepare young scientists and students for the modern work environment at academic institutions, national laboratories, and industry. The PI's research projects have contributed significantly to the education of graduate and undergraduate, and, over the past three years, ten high school students. She has considerable experience working with minority students, and by providing a female role model, she could encourage women to pursue advanced studies in physics.

核科学的基本目标是了解所有形式的核物质，例如，原子核心的原子核的起源和结构，以及核子及其夸克和胶子成分，它们几乎占可见宇宙的所有质量。在过去的十年里，硬排斥反应已经作为一类过程出现，它提供了关于强子中的部分子(夸克和胶子)分布的新信息--强子是对强力敏感的粒子。因式分解定理允许用广义部分子分布(GPD)来表示振幅，这有望提供对动量和坐标空间中核子结构的普遍描述。在实验上，对横向空间结构的访问依赖于渐近自由，允许实验探测器与一个部分子的硬相互作用明确地与被打击的部分子与其余强子的剩余软相互作用分开。在硬软分解适用的运动学体系中，可以使用对来自被撞击的部分子的光子或介子的独家测量来创建核子的断层图像。这个项目在这些研究中扮演着重要的角色，特别是通过杰斐逊实验室PI独有的光子和介子产生实验，这将是可靠解释GPD计划在6GeV和12GeV的结果所必需的。青年科学家、研究生和本科生在这个项目中发挥着不可或缺的作用，这为他们提供了进一步培训和教育的机会。这些将包括在辐射和亚原子粒子探测、快速信号处理电子学和科学数据分析的现代仪器的设计、组装和测试方面获得经验的机会。此外，学习在大型国际科学界工作将使年轻科学家和学生为学术机构、国家实验室和工业的现代工作环境做好准备。在过去的三年里，国际学生联合会的研究项目为研究生和本科生的教育做出了重大贡献，并为10名高中生做出了贡献。她有相当丰富的少数民族学生工作经验，通过提供一个女性榜样，她可以鼓励女性继续深造物理学。