SusChem/FRG/GOALI: Mechanochemically Based Sustainable Polymers

SusChem/FRG/GOALI：基于机械化学的可持续聚合物

• 批准号: 1307354
• 负责人: Nancy Sottos
• 金额: $ 80万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-15 至 2017-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1307354&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SusChem; FRG; GOALI; Mechanochemically; Based

TECHNICAL SUMMARYThis is a collaborative research project involving a partnership between the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Cornell University, and PPG Industries. It will develop polymers that utilize changes in stress state to mechanically activate -- without human intervention -- chemical reactions that signal the presence of damage and initiate repair wherever and whenever it occurs. The reduction in waste achieved through lifetime extension will contribute to a sustainable materials landscape. Mechanoresponsive polymers are created by directly linking force-activated molecules (mechanophores) into polymer chains. The complex spatial and temporal changes in stress state that precede damage in polymeric materials promote mechanophore activation, transforming it into a new chemical species for signaling or for initiating productive changes in materials properties. Realization of mechanochemically based sustainable polymers requires mechanophore motifs with amplified responses that can be activated efficiently. The proposed research entails synthesis of new mechanophores specifically for damage detection and repair, experimental and computational development of force-focusing strategies to achieve efficient force transmission to the mechanophore, and experimental evaluation of materials systems. Elucidating the fundamental, molecular-level mechanisms governing mechanophore response to macroscopic damage in polymers will be advanced through symbiotic combination of modeling and experiments. These scientific advancements will then be applied to the design and experimental evaluation of polymers that self-report and self-heal in response to tension overload, fatigue, and interfacial delamination.NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARYWaste reduction is key to a sustainable materials landscape. Plastics are ubiquitous industrial materials and their waste reduction is achievable through life extension and recycling. Given the high energy requirements, financial cost, and limited yield of plastic recycling, life extension is critically important to life cycle management. The proposed research program seeks to develop graded warning and healing systems for industrially relevant plastics. The technical approach relies on the synthesis of plastics with force sensitive molecular units called mechanophores that are activated by damage. Advances in self-reporting plastics will reduce material consumption and waste by eliminating prescheduled replacements. Self-healing capabilities for plastics can drastically extend the service lifetime of these materials. This research project will involve the education and training of several graduate students at the University of Illinois and Cornell University. These students will be part of an interdisciplinary research team working in close partnership with PPG Industries, Inc. to translate scientific advances to commercially viable plastics. The research themes of self-reporting and self-healing for sustainability provide a unique opportunity for education and outreach to the general public. A series of educational demonstrations, exhibits, and videos will be developed on how materials impact sustainability, with emphasis on zero waste. These platforms will be widely disseminated over the web and at special public engagement events.

技术总结这是一个合作研究项目，涉及伊利诺伊大学香槟分校、康奈尔大学和PPG工业公司之间的合作伙伴关系。它将开发利用应力状态变化的聚合物来机械激活--而不需要人类干预--化学反应，发出损伤存在的信号，并随时随地启动修复。通过延长使用寿命实现的废物减少将有助于实现可持续的材料景观。力学响应性聚合物是通过将力激活的分子(机械团)直接连接到聚合物链中而产生的。在聚合物材料损伤之前，应力状态的复杂时空变化促进了机械团的激活，将其转变为一种新的化学物种，用于传递信号或启动材料性质的生产性变化。基于机械力化学的可持续聚合物的实现需要具有能够被有效激活的放大响应的机械力载体基元。这项拟议的研究包括合成专门用于损伤检测和修复的新机械载体，通过实验和计算开发力聚焦策略以实现向机械载体有效的力传递，以及材料系统的实验评估。通过模型和实验的共生结合，阐明聚合物中机械团对宏观损伤的基本的、分子水平的响应机制将被推进。然后，这些科学进步将被应用于聚合物的设计和实验评估，这些聚合物能够自我报告和自我修复，以应对张力过载、疲劳和界面分层。非技术性的减少废物是可持续材料景观的关键。塑料是无处不在的工业材料，其废物的减少可以通过延长寿命和回收利用来实现。考虑到塑料回收的高能源需求、财务成本和有限的产量，延长寿命对生命周期管理至关重要。拟议的研究计划寻求为工业相关塑料开发分级警告和修复系统。这种技术方法依赖于合成具有力敏感分子单元的塑料，这些分子单元被称为机械团，这些分子单元被损伤激活。自行报告塑料的进步将通过消除预先安排的更换来减少材料消耗和浪费。塑料的自我修复能力可以极大地延长这些材料的使用寿命。这项研究项目将涉及伊利诺伊大学和康奈尔大学的几名研究生的教育和培训。这些学生将成为与PPG Industries，Inc.密切合作的跨学科研究团队的一员，将科学进步转化为商业上可行的塑料。可持续发展的自我报告和自我修复这一研究主题为公众提供了独特的教育和宣传机会。将制作一系列关于材料如何影响可持续发展的教育演示、展览和视频，重点是零浪费。这些平台将通过网络和特别公众参与活动广泛传播。