CNH-Ex: Balancing Water Needs and Water Uses for Humans and Nature

CNH-Ex：平衡人类和自然的用水需求和用水

• 批准号: 1313799
• 负责人: Ana Barros
• 金额: $ 24.97万
• 依托单位: Duke University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-01 至 2017-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1313799&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CNH; Ex; Balancing; Water; Needs

Mountain basins and the headwaters of river basins along the foothills of major mountain ranges are undergoing rapid environmental change due to urban development, land acquisition by private and public investors, population increases, and climate change. Besides increased water supply demand, other impacts of anthropogenic land-use change are the shrinking of groundwater recharge areas, removal of vegetation, and the alteration of links between the landscape and the natural drainage system. The challenge is to develop sustainable and reliable water allocation policies that best support a well-functioning landscape while meeting the basic water demands of natural and human systems and the associated infrastructure. This project will factor the opportunity costs of environmental constraints and the economic value of conservation strategies into hydro-economic assessments of water allocation policy at the basin level. To accomplish this goal, an eco-hydrological model with coupled surface-groundwater and vegetation dynamics will be integrated with a water allocation model and operated within a probabilistic hydro-economic framework to support decision-making. The model will be used to investigate water system sensitivity to: a) land-use modification and land-conversion in rapidly urbanizing landscapes; b) eco-hydrological sustainability defined in terms of hydrological and ecological flows; and c) net present value for baseline conditions (current climate, status-quo policy) and for alternative future adaptation pathways under possible climate change scenarios. An innovative framework that brings together scientific and socio-economic principles to evaluate quantitatively and systematically urbanization impacts and adaptation strategies toward improving water resiliency of coupled human-natural systems will be developed. The modeling framework will be tested and evaluated for the French Broad River in the Southern Appalachians, one of the fastest growing rural regions in the nation. The project will be conducted in close collaboration with the Land-of-Sky Regional Council, the lead local government planning agency in western North Carolina. The research addresses national climate adaptation priorities to enable resilient communities, and is readily transferable to regions elsewhere undergoing large environmental change.

由于城市发展、私人和公共投资者征用土地、人口增加和气候变化，主要山脉山脚下的山脉流域和河流流域的源头正在经历快速的环境变化。除了增加供水需求外，人为土地利用变化的其他影响还包括地下水补给区缩小、植被移除以及改变景观和自然排水系统之间的联系。目前的挑战是制定可持续和可靠的水分配政策，以便在满足自然和人类系统及相关基础设施的基本用水需求的同时，最大限度地支持功能良好的地貌。该项目将把环境制约的机会成本和养护战略的经济价值纳入流域一级水资源分配政策的水文经济评估。为实现这一目标，将地表-地下水和植被动态耦合的生态水文模型与水分配模型相结合，并在概率水经济框架内运行，以支持决策。该模型将用于调查水系对以下因素的敏感性：a)快速城市化地貌中的土地利用变化和土地转换；b)以水文和生态流量定义的生态水文可持续性；c)基线条件(当前气候、现状政策)和可能的气候变化情景下的替代未来适应路径的净现值。将制定一个创新的框架，将科学和社会经济原则结合起来，以定量和系统地评估城市化的影响，并制定适应战略，以提高人-自然耦合系统的水复原力。该模型框架将在阿巴拉契亚山脉南部的法国布罗德河进行测试和评估，这是美国发展最快的农村地区之一。该项目将与北卡罗来纳州西部的主要地方政府规划机构天空之地区域议会密切合作。这项研究涉及国家气候适应优先事项，以使社区具有弹性，并可很容易地转移到其他正在经历重大环境变化的地区。