Understanding large-scale patterns of future Ocean Acidification

了解未来海洋酸化的大规模模式

• 批准号: 1314209
• 负责人: Axel Timmermann
• 金额: $ 42.74万
• 依托单位: University of Hawaii
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-07-01 至 2019-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1314209&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Understanding; large; scale; patterns; future

The world's oceans have taken up approximately 30% of the anthropogenic CO2 emissions since the beginning of the industrial revolution. The oceanic uptake of CO2 is associated with a change in water chemistry that results in a decrease of seawater pH and carbonate ion concentrations, commonly referred to as Ocean Acidification. The availability of carbonate ions is crucial for marine calcifying organisms to form their skeletons or shells that are made of different crystalline forms of calcium carbonate.In spite of the overwhelming global mean Ocean Acidification signal, which exceeds levels of natural variability, both observational data and Earth System Models indicate a considerable spatial variability of trends carbonate ion concentrations and pH, which has not been fully understood. Elucidating the mechanisms determining the regional characteristics of Ocean Acidification requires a concerted modeling and data analysis effort.This award supports a team of researchers at the University of Hawaii to investigate the regional patterns of current and future Ocean Acidification using a hierarchy of Earth System Models. Process studies will focus on the effect of ocean currents, mixing, winds, air-sea gas exchange on the spatial variability of the biogeochemical responses to increasing CO2 concentrations. The project will further provide important boundary conditions for near-shore numerical assessments of the impacts of Ocean Acidification and ecosystems. Outreach activities include the development of narrated Ocean Acidification animations that can be shown on Science on the Sphere and Magic Planet systems used by many science museums and universities across the country.

自工业革命开始以来，世界海洋已经吸收了大约30%的人为二氧化碳排放量。 海洋吸收CO2与水化学的变化有关，导致海水pH值和碳酸根离子浓度降低，通常称为海洋酸化。碳酸根离子的可用性对于海洋钙化生物形成由不同结晶形式的碳酸钙组成的骨骼或外壳至关重要。尽管全球平均海洋酸化信号超过了自然变化的水平，但观测数据和地球系统模型都表明碳酸根离子浓度和pH值趋势存在相当大的空间变化，这一点尚未得到充分理解。阐明确定海洋酸化区域特征的机制需要协调一致的建模和数据分析工作。该奖项支持夏威夷大学的一组研究人员使用地球系统模型层次结构调查当前和未来海洋酸化的区域模式。过程研究将侧重于洋流、混合、风、海气交换对海洋地球化学对二氧化碳浓度增加的反应的空间变异性的影响。该项目还将为海洋酸化和生态系统影响的近岸数值评估提供重要的边界条件。外联活动包括制作海洋酸化动画解说，可在全国许多科学博物馆和大学使用的“球体上的科学”和“神奇星球”系统上播放。