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Understanding the complexity of the 660-km seismic discontinuity

Understanding the complexity of the 660-km seismic discontinuity
了解 660 公里地震间断面的复杂性
批准号:
1316007
负责人:
Sang-Heon Shim
金额:
$5.85万
依托单位:
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
Continuing Grant
财政年份:
2012
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2012-10-01 至 2014-11-30

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中文摘要
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英文摘要
The mantle represents 70% of the Earth's volume, and therefore plays a key role in the evolution of the Earth. Since early 20th century, a seismic discontinuity at 660-km depth in the mantle has been believed to be an important filter for material exchange (including water and carbon-dioxide) between the upper and lower mantle. Laboratory measurements have shown that the phase transitions in the dominant mantle minerals explain this 660-km discontinuity. However, there exist multiple phase transitions near this depth and the interactions among these phase transitions are not well understood. Recent high-resolution seismology studies reveal complex structures near the discontinuity and strong lateral variations in the properties of the discontinuity, suggesting interaction between mineral phase transitions occur in the mantle and providing motivation for high-resolution laboratory measurements.In order to measure the interactions among different phase transitions near the 660-km discontinuity, the investigators will take full advantage of recent developments in (1) the diamond-anvil cell (a high pressure device) technique, which allows fine control of pressure, (2) the laser levitation synthesis technique, which allows the investigators to engineer the compositions of starting materials similar to those expected for mantle rocks, and (3) high-resolution synchrotron X-ray diffraction techniques, which allow detection of the phase transitions unambiguously. The results from this study will help geophysicists to understand the role of the 660-km discontinuity in mantle convection and chemical differentiation. Ths proposed work is timely because huge seismic datasets available from large digital seismic networks, such as USARRAY, are beginning to provide high-resolution images to resolve fine-scale structures near the 660-km discontinuity.
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EA: Upgrade of the Laser Heating System in the High-Pressure Diamond-Anvil Cell Laboratory at Arizona State University
  • 批准号:
    2335071
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 资助金额:
    $6.39万
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 负责人:
    Sang-Heon Shim
  • 依托单位:
Collaborative Research: From Silicate Melts Properties to the Dynamics and Evolution of an Early Basal Magma Ocean
  • 批准号:
    2153968
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 资助金额:
    $25.0万
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 负责人:
    Sang-Heon Shim
  • 依托单位:
Upgrade of the Raman Spectroscopy System at the High-Pressure Lab of Arizona State University
  • 批准号:
    2140416
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 资助金额:
    $8.53万
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 负责人:
    Sang-Heon Shim
  • 依托单位:
Ingassing of Hydrogen in the Interiors of Sub-Neptunes and Gas Giants
  • 批准号:
    2108129
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
  • 资助金额:
    $32.06万
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 负责人:
    Sang-Heon Shim
  • 依托单位:
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