Collaborative Research: Cooperation and Competition at Crystal River

合作研究：水晶河的合作与竞争

• 批准号: 1317474
• 负责人: Victor Thompson
• 金额: $ 0.6万
• 依托单位: University of Georgia Research Foundation Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-31 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1317474&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Cooperation; Competition; Crystal

With support from the National Science Foundation, Drs. Thomas Pluckhahn, Victor Thompson, and Brent Weisman will conduct archaeological research at the Crystal River site, a mound complex on the Gulf Coast of Florida dating primarily to the Woodland period (ca. 1000 B.C. to A.D. 1000). Crystal River has long been noted as one of the most important sites in North America, but remains poorly understood due to the limited scope and under-reporting of previous investigations. The research objective is to examine the dynamic between cooperation and competition in the formation of early village societies. This topic has rarely been a focus of concerted study, although notions regarding competition and cooperation are implicit in archaeological theories of human societies. In the few instances where the topic has been directly addressed, the focus has primarily been on chiefdoms and states, where competitive and cooperative practices were already institutionalized. The study will evaluate spatial and temporal variation in three categories of material remains: prestige goods, public architecture, and feasting debris. The goal is to determine whether these remains are spatially restricted and temporally punctuated (indicating greater competition) or open-access and regularly scheduled (indicating greater cooperation.) The project will employ two methods for accomplishing a fine-grained study of these remains, while respecting the need for site conservation: 1) comprehensive reanalysis of the collections from previous investigations; and, 2) systematic, minimally invasive new field work to both correct the biases and limited scope of previous studies. The field investigations include geophysical survey, coring, and test excavations. Laboratory analyses include a variety of archaeological dating techniques, as well as studies to determine season of occupation and rate of deposition. The research contributes to the understanding of the dynamic between competition and cooperation in human societies---one of the foremost issues in the social sciences. The project also contributes to the study of social complexity through focused study of early villages, precursors to better-studied ranked and stratified societies. Finally, the project contributes to the understanding of Crystal River and related sites of the Woodland period on the Gulf Coast, an area and time period marked by one of the most distinctive, yet least understood, material culture complexes in the prehistory of North America. The proposed research has broader impacts in education, within academia and beyond. Undergraduate and graduate training are given priority; this training includes both specialized techniques and traditional archaeological methods. Affiliations with the Florida Public Archaeology Network and the Public Archaeology program at the University of South Florida provide a ready-made infrastructure for the involvement of the general public in the research, and a framework for the training of graduate students in the theory and method of public archaeology. Finally, the insights that will be generated through the proposed study will be applied to enhancing on-site museum displays, signs, and brochures, better interpreting for the general public one of the nation's most important archaeological sites.

在国家科学基金会的支持下。托马斯·普拉库恩（Thomas Pluckhahn），维克多·汤普森（Victor Thompson）和布伦特·韦斯曼（Brent Weisman）将在佛罗里达墨西哥湾沿岸的水晶河（Crystal River）遗址进行考古研究，该综合大楼主要追溯到林地时期（公元前1000年至公元1000年）。长期以来，水晶河一直被认为是北美最重要的遗址之一，但由于范围有限和对先前调查的报道不足，人们对此的理解仍然很差。研究目标是研究早期乡村社会形成的合作与竞争之间的动态。尽管关于竞争和合作的观念在人类社会的考古理论中隐含了，但这个话题很少是一致研究的重点。在直接解决该主题的少数情况下，重点主要放在酋长国和国家，在这些情况下，竞争性和合作实践已经被制度化。该研究将评估三类材料保留的空间和时间变化：声望商品，公共建筑和盛宴碎片。目的是确定这些遗骸是否在空间上受到限制并在时间限制（表明竞争更大）或开放式访问并定期安排（表明更大的合作。）该项目将采用两种方法来完成对这些遗骸的精细粒度研究，同时尊重现场保存的需求：1 1）全面重新分析了以前的调查群体的重新分析； 2）系统的，最小的侵入性新现场工作，以纠正先前研究的偏见和有限的范围。现场调查包括地球物理调查，加油和测试发掘。实验室分析包括各种考古日期技术，以及确定占领季节和沉积率的研究。该研究有助于理解人类社会的竞争与合作之间的动态 - 这是社会科学中最重要的问题之一。该项目还通过对早期村庄的重点进行研究，对较精细的排名和分层社会进行研究，从而有助于对社会复杂性的研究。最后，该项目有助于理解水晶河及湾沿岸林地时期的相关地点，墨西哥湾沿岸是一个地区和时间段，是北美史前历史上最独特，最不懂的物质文化综合体之一。拟议的研究对教育，学术界及其他地区产生了更大的影响。优先考虑本科和研究生培训；该培训包括专业技术和传统考古方法。南佛罗里达大学与佛罗里达州公共考古网络和公共考古计划的隶属关系为公众参与研究提供了现成的基础设施，以及研究研究生在公共考古学理论和方法中培训研究生的框架。最后，将通过拟议的研究产生的见解将用于增强现场博物馆的展示，标志和小册子，更好地解释全美最重要的考古遗址之一。